Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences
While focused ultrasound (FUS) is non-invasive, the ultrasound energy is attenuated by the skull which results in differences in energy efficiency among patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of skull variables on the energy efficiency of FUS. The thickness and density of the skull and...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.783048/full |
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| author | Chanho Kong So Hee Park Jaewoo Shin Hee Gyu Baek Juyoung Park Young Cheol Na Won Seok Chang Jin Woo Chang |
| author_facet | Chanho Kong So Hee Park Jaewoo Shin Hee Gyu Baek Juyoung Park Young Cheol Na Won Seok Chang Jin Woo Chang |
| author_sort | Chanho Kong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While focused ultrasound (FUS) is non-invasive, the ultrasound energy is attenuated by the skull which results in differences in energy efficiency among patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of skull variables on the energy efficiency of FUS. The thickness and density of the skull and proportion of the trabecular bone were selected as factors that could affect ultrasound energy transmittance. Sixteen 3D-printed skull models were designed and fabricated to reflect the three factors. The energy of each phantom was measured using an ultrasonic sound field energy measurement system. The thickness and proportion of trabecular bone affected the attenuation of transmitted energy. There was no difference in the density of the trabecular bone. In clinical data, the trabecular bone ratio showed a significantly greater correlation with dose/delivered energy than that of thickness and the skull density ratio. Currently, for clinical non-thermal FUS, the data are not sufficient, but we believe that the results of this study will be helpful in selecting patients and appropriate parameters for FUS treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:13:07Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-4185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:13:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b029aa6833b0411d85cbcae211ed21a62022-12-21T22:44:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852021-12-01910.3389/fbioe.2021.783048783048Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical ExperiencesChanho Kong0So Hee Park1Jaewoo Shin2Hee Gyu Baek3Juyoung Park4Young Cheol Na5Won Seok Chang6Jin Woo Chang7Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South KoreaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St Mary’s Hospital, Incheon, South KoreaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaWhile focused ultrasound (FUS) is non-invasive, the ultrasound energy is attenuated by the skull which results in differences in energy efficiency among patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of skull variables on the energy efficiency of FUS. The thickness and density of the skull and proportion of the trabecular bone were selected as factors that could affect ultrasound energy transmittance. Sixteen 3D-printed skull models were designed and fabricated to reflect the three factors. The energy of each phantom was measured using an ultrasonic sound field energy measurement system. The thickness and proportion of trabecular bone affected the attenuation of transmitted energy. There was no difference in the density of the trabecular bone. In clinical data, the trabecular bone ratio showed a significantly greater correlation with dose/delivered energy than that of thickness and the skull density ratio. Currently, for clinical non-thermal FUS, the data are not sufficient, but we believe that the results of this study will be helpful in selecting patients and appropriate parameters for FUS treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.783048/fullfocused ultrasound3D printskull factorskull density ratioblood-brain barrierenergy transmission |
| spellingShingle | Chanho Kong So Hee Park Jaewoo Shin Hee Gyu Baek Juyoung Park Young Cheol Na Won Seok Chang Jin Woo Chang Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology focused ultrasound 3D print skull factor skull density ratio blood-brain barrier energy transmission |
| title | Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences |
| title_full | Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences |
| title_fullStr | Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences |
| title_short | Factors Associated with Energy Efficiency of Focused Ultrasound Through the Skull: A Study of 3D-Printed Skull Phantoms and Its Comparison with Clinical Experiences |
| title_sort | factors associated with energy efficiency of focused ultrasound through the skull a study of 3d printed skull phantoms and its comparison with clinical experiences |
| topic | focused ultrasound 3D print skull factor skull density ratio blood-brain barrier energy transmission |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.783048/full |
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