Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard
Precision fertilization implies the need to identify the variability of soil fertility, which is costly and time-consuming. Remotely measured data can be a solution. Using this strategy, a study was conducted, in a vineyard, to delineate different management zones using two indicators: apparent soil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1331 |
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| author | Catarina Esteves David Fangueiro Ricardo P. Braga Miguel Martins Manuel Botelho Henrique Ribeiro |
| author_facet | Catarina Esteves David Fangueiro Ricardo P. Braga Miguel Martins Manuel Botelho Henrique Ribeiro |
| author_sort | Catarina Esteves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Precision fertilization implies the need to identify the variability of soil fertility, which is costly and time-consuming. Remotely measured data can be a solution. Using this strategy, a study was conducted, in a vineyard, to delineate different management zones using two indicators: apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC<sub>a</sub>) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). To understand the contribution of each indicator, three scenarios were used for zone definition: (1) using only NDVI, (2) only EC<sub>a</sub>, or (3) using a combination of the two. Then the differences in soil fertility between these zones were assessed using simple statistical methods. The results indicate that the most beneficial strategy is the combined use of the two indicators, as it allowed the definition of three distinct zones regarding important soil variables and crop nutrients, such as soil total nitrogen, Mg<sup>2+</sup> cation, exchange acidity, and effective cation exchange capacity, and some relevant cation ratios. This strategy also allowed the identification of an ionic unbalance in the soil chemistry, due to an excess of Mg<sup>2+</sup>, that was harming crop health, as reported by NDVI. This also impacted EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI relationship, which was negative in this study. Overall, the results demonstrate the advantages of using remotely sensed data, mainly more than one type of sensing data, and suggest a high potential for differential crop fertilization and soil management in the study area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:39:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b02c2a46857a41ecbf390e22164d8d98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:39:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b02c2a46857a41ecbf390e22164d8d982023-11-23T15:09:58ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-05-01126133110.3390/agronomy12061331Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a VineyardCatarina Esteves0David Fangueiro1Ricardo P. Braga2Miguel Martins3Manuel Botelho4Henrique Ribeiro5Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, PortugalPrecision fertilization implies the need to identify the variability of soil fertility, which is costly and time-consuming. Remotely measured data can be a solution. Using this strategy, a study was conducted, in a vineyard, to delineate different management zones using two indicators: apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC<sub>a</sub>) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). To understand the contribution of each indicator, three scenarios were used for zone definition: (1) using only NDVI, (2) only EC<sub>a</sub>, or (3) using a combination of the two. Then the differences in soil fertility between these zones were assessed using simple statistical methods. The results indicate that the most beneficial strategy is the combined use of the two indicators, as it allowed the definition of three distinct zones regarding important soil variables and crop nutrients, such as soil total nitrogen, Mg<sup>2+</sup> cation, exchange acidity, and effective cation exchange capacity, and some relevant cation ratios. This strategy also allowed the identification of an ionic unbalance in the soil chemistry, due to an excess of Mg<sup>2+</sup>, that was harming crop health, as reported by NDVI. This also impacted EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI relationship, which was negative in this study. Overall, the results demonstrate the advantages of using remotely sensed data, mainly more than one type of sensing data, and suggest a high potential for differential crop fertilization and soil management in the study area.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1331vineyardprecision viticulturemanagement zoneswithin-field variabilityEC<sub>a</sub>NDVI |
| spellingShingle | Catarina Esteves David Fangueiro Ricardo P. Braga Miguel Martins Manuel Botelho Henrique Ribeiro Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard Agronomy vineyard precision viticulture management zones within-field variability EC<sub>a</sub> NDVI |
| title | Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard |
| title_full | Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard |
| title_short | Assessing the Contribution of EC<sub>a</sub> and NDVI in the Delineation of Management Zones in a Vineyard |
| title_sort | assessing the contribution of ec sub a sub and ndvi in the delineation of management zones in a vineyard |
| topic | vineyard precision viticulture management zones within-field variability EC<sub>a</sub> NDVI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1331 |
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