Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2
Dentate granule cells (DGCs), the progeny of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the sub-granular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG), must develop and functionally integrate with the mature cohort of neurons in order to maintain critical hippocampal functions throughout adulthood. Dysregulation in the continuum...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2020.00202/full |
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| author | Afrinash Ahamad Afrinash Ahamad Jia Wang Shaoyu Ge Gregory W. Kirschen |
| author_facet | Afrinash Ahamad Afrinash Ahamad Jia Wang Shaoyu Ge Gregory W. Kirschen |
| author_sort | Afrinash Ahamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dentate granule cells (DGCs), the progeny of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the sub-granular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG), must develop and functionally integrate with the mature cohort of neurons in order to maintain critical hippocampal functions throughout adulthood. Dysregulation in the continuum of DGC development can result in aberrant morphology and disrupted functional maturation, impairing neuroplasticity of the network. Yet, the molecular underpinnings of the signaling involved in adult-born DGC maturation including dendritic growth, which correlates with functional integration, remains incompletely understood. Given the high metabolic activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) required to achieve continuous neurogenesis, we investigated the potential regulatory role of a cellular metabolism-linked gene recently implicated in NSC cycling and neuroblast migration, called Four and a half LIM domain 2 (FHL2). The FHL2 protein modulates numerous pathways related to proliferation, migration, survival and cytoskeletal rearrangement in peripheral tissues, interacting with the machinery of the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway, also known to be highly active especially in the hippocampus. Yet, the potential relevance of FHL2 to adult-born DGC development remains unknown. To elucidate the role of FHL2 in DGC development in the adult brain, we first confirmed the endogenous expression of FHL2 in NSCs and new granule cells within the DG, then engineered viral vectors for genetic manipulation experiments, investigating morphological changes in early stages of DGC development. Overexpression of FHL2 during early DGC development resulted in marked sprouting and branching of dendrites, while silencing of FHL2 increased dendritic length. Together, these findings suggest a novel role of FHL2 in adult-born DGC morphological maturation, which may open up a new line of investigation regarding the relevance of this gene in physiology and pathologies of the hippocampus such as mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:25:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b03537e8c3c34e74826c64f99f669d91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:25:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-b03537e8c3c34e74826c64f99f669d912022-12-22T00:51:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2020-03-011410.3389/fnins.2020.00202508030Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2Afrinash Ahamad0Afrinash Ahamad1Jia Wang2Shaoyu Ge3Gregory W. Kirschen4Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesSchool of Health Technology and Management, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesBiomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesMedical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesDentate granule cells (DGCs), the progeny of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the sub-granular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG), must develop and functionally integrate with the mature cohort of neurons in order to maintain critical hippocampal functions throughout adulthood. Dysregulation in the continuum of DGC development can result in aberrant morphology and disrupted functional maturation, impairing neuroplasticity of the network. Yet, the molecular underpinnings of the signaling involved in adult-born DGC maturation including dendritic growth, which correlates with functional integration, remains incompletely understood. Given the high metabolic activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) required to achieve continuous neurogenesis, we investigated the potential regulatory role of a cellular metabolism-linked gene recently implicated in NSC cycling and neuroblast migration, called Four and a half LIM domain 2 (FHL2). The FHL2 protein modulates numerous pathways related to proliferation, migration, survival and cytoskeletal rearrangement in peripheral tissues, interacting with the machinery of the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway, also known to be highly active especially in the hippocampus. Yet, the potential relevance of FHL2 to adult-born DGC development remains unknown. To elucidate the role of FHL2 in DGC development in the adult brain, we first confirmed the endogenous expression of FHL2 in NSCs and new granule cells within the DG, then engineered viral vectors for genetic manipulation experiments, investigating morphological changes in early stages of DGC development. Overexpression of FHL2 during early DGC development resulted in marked sprouting and branching of dendrites, while silencing of FHL2 increased dendritic length. Together, these findings suggest a novel role of FHL2 in adult-born DGC morphological maturation, which may open up a new line of investigation regarding the relevance of this gene in physiology and pathologies of the hippocampus such as mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2020.00202/fulldentate gyrushippocampal neurogenesisfour and a half LIM domain protein 2sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P)dendritic growth |
| spellingShingle | Afrinash Ahamad Afrinash Ahamad Jia Wang Shaoyu Ge Gregory W. Kirschen Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 Frontiers in Neuroscience dentate gyrus hippocampal neurogenesis four and a half LIM domain protein 2 sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) dendritic growth |
| title | Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 |
| title_full | Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 |
| title_fullStr | Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 |
| title_short | Early Dendritic Morphogenesis of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Cells Is Regulated by FHL2 |
| title_sort | early dendritic morphogenesis of adult born dentate granule cells is regulated by fhl2 |
| topic | dentate gyrus hippocampal neurogenesis four and a half LIM domain protein 2 sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) dendritic growth |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2020.00202/full |
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