Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Promotes the Tumorigenesis, Lymphangiogenesis, and Lymphatic Metastasis in Cervical Cancer via Activating VEGFC-Mediated AKT and ERK Pathways
Background. Lymphatic metastasis is a common phenomenon of cervical cancer. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was found to be closely associated with lymphatic cancer metastasis. However, the mechanism through which TNF-α regulates lymphatic metastasis in cervical cancer remains unclear. Methods. In t...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2023-01-01
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Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5679966 |