High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence
A reactive sintering technique with a small addition of carbon (up to 1.9 wt.%) has been used for tungsten powder consolidation. The process allowed procurement of the nonporous and fully densified material at 1300 °C and 30 MPa in 12 min. The SEM and EDX analysis showed that the milling of 5 μm tun...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/10/3641 |
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| author | Oleksii Popov Vladimir Vishnyakov |
| author_facet | Oleksii Popov Vladimir Vishnyakov |
| author_sort | Oleksii Popov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A reactive sintering technique with a small addition of carbon (up to 1.9 wt.%) has been used for tungsten powder consolidation. The process allowed procurement of the nonporous and fully densified material at 1300 °C and 30 MPa in 12 min. The SEM and EDX analysis showed that the milling of 5 μm tungsten powder with 0.6, 1.3, and 1.9 wt.% of carbon in a planetary mill led to the formation of the nanostructured mix, which appears to be W-C nanopowder surrounding tungsten grains. X-Ray Diffractometry data indicated tungsten hemicarbide (W<sub>2</sub>C) nucleation during the hot pressing of the milled powders. The exothermic reaction 2W + C → W<sub>2</sub>C occurs during the sintering process and promotes charge densification. The Vickers hardness and indentation toughness of W-1.3 wt.%C composition reached 5.7 GPa and 12.6 MPa∙m<sup>1/2</sup>, respectively. High toughness and high material densification allow proposing the W-WC<sub>2</sub> for use as a plasma-facing material in fusion applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b066c2513e5946a4a4bceed07923c7af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-b066c2513e5946a4a4bceed07923c7af2023-11-23T11:58:25ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-05-011510364110.3390/ma15103641High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon PresenceOleksii Popov0Vladimir Vishnyakov1Metal Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01033 Kyiv, UkraineInstitute for Materials Research, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKA reactive sintering technique with a small addition of carbon (up to 1.9 wt.%) has been used for tungsten powder consolidation. The process allowed procurement of the nonporous and fully densified material at 1300 °C and 30 MPa in 12 min. The SEM and EDX analysis showed that the milling of 5 μm tungsten powder with 0.6, 1.3, and 1.9 wt.% of carbon in a planetary mill led to the formation of the nanostructured mix, which appears to be W-C nanopowder surrounding tungsten grains. X-Ray Diffractometry data indicated tungsten hemicarbide (W<sub>2</sub>C) nucleation during the hot pressing of the milled powders. The exothermic reaction 2W + C → W<sub>2</sub>C occurs during the sintering process and promotes charge densification. The Vickers hardness and indentation toughness of W-1.3 wt.%C composition reached 5.7 GPa and 12.6 MPa∙m<sup>1/2</sup>, respectively. High toughness and high material densification allow proposing the W-WC<sub>2</sub> for use as a plasma-facing material in fusion applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/10/3641tungstenreactive hot pressingpowder millingdensification kineticstungsten hemicarbideplasma-facing material |
| spellingShingle | Oleksii Popov Vladimir Vishnyakov High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence Materials tungsten reactive hot pressing powder milling densification kinetics tungsten hemicarbide plasma-facing material |
| title | High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence |
| title_full | High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence |
| title_fullStr | High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence |
| title_short | High Densification of Tungsten via Hot Pressing at 1300 °C in Carbon Presence |
| title_sort | high densification of tungsten via hot pressing at 1300 °c in carbon presence |
| topic | tungsten reactive hot pressing powder milling densification kinetics tungsten hemicarbide plasma-facing material |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/10/3641 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oleksiipopov highdensificationoftungstenviahotpressingat1300cincarbonpresence AT vladimirvishnyakov highdensificationoftungstenviahotpressingat1300cincarbonpresence |