<i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders
Phage therapy is widely being reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including salmonellosis caused by <i>Salmonella</i>. As facultative intracellular parasites, <i>Salmonella</i> could spread by vertical t...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/312 |
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| author | Ketong Cui Peiyong Li Jiaqi Huang Fang Lin Ruibo Li Dingguo Cao Guijuan Hao Shuhong Sun |
| author_facet | Ketong Cui Peiyong Li Jiaqi Huang Fang Lin Ruibo Li Dingguo Cao Guijuan Hao Shuhong Sun |
| author_sort | Ketong Cui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phage therapy is widely being reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including salmonellosis caused by <i>Salmonella</i>. As facultative intracellular parasites, <i>Salmonella</i> could spread by vertical transmission and pose a great threat to both human and animal health; however, whether phage treatment might provide an optional strategy for controlling bacterial vertical infection remains unknown. Herein, we explored the effect of phage therapy on controlling the vertical transmission of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (<i>S.</i> Pullorum), a poultry pathogen that causes economic losses worldwide due to high mortality and morbidity. A <i>Salmonella</i> phage CKT1 with lysis ability against several <i>S. enterica</i> serovars was isolated and showed that it could inhibit the proliferation of <i>S.</i> Pullorum in vitro efficiently. We then evaluated the effect of phage CKT1 on controlling the vertical transmission of <i>S.</i> Pullorum in an adult broiler breeder model. The results demonstrated that phage CKT1 significantly alleviated hepatic injury and decreased bacterial load in the liver, spleen, heart, ovary, and oviduct of hens, implying that phage CKT1 played an active role in the elimination of <i>Salmonella</i> colonization in adult chickens. Additionally, phage CKT1 enabled a reduction in the <i>Salmonella</i>-specific IgG level in the serum of infected chickens. More importantly, the decrease in the <i>S.</i> Pullorum load on eggshells and in liquid whole eggs revealed that phage CKT1 effectively controlled the vertical transmission of <i>S.</i> Pullorum from hens to laid eggs, indicating the potential ability of phages to control bacterial vertical transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:08:16Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:08:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b068fcab30944f229b4bf74afbf4428e2023-11-16T19:14:40ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-02-0112231210.3390/biology12020312<i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler BreedersKetong Cui0Peiyong Li1Jiaqi Huang2Fang Lin3Ruibo Li4Dingguo Cao5Guijuan Hao6Shuhong Sun7Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaPoultry Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaPhage therapy is widely being reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including salmonellosis caused by <i>Salmonella</i>. As facultative intracellular parasites, <i>Salmonella</i> could spread by vertical transmission and pose a great threat to both human and animal health; however, whether phage treatment might provide an optional strategy for controlling bacterial vertical infection remains unknown. Herein, we explored the effect of phage therapy on controlling the vertical transmission of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (<i>S.</i> Pullorum), a poultry pathogen that causes economic losses worldwide due to high mortality and morbidity. A <i>Salmonella</i> phage CKT1 with lysis ability against several <i>S. enterica</i> serovars was isolated and showed that it could inhibit the proliferation of <i>S.</i> Pullorum in vitro efficiently. We then evaluated the effect of phage CKT1 on controlling the vertical transmission of <i>S.</i> Pullorum in an adult broiler breeder model. The results demonstrated that phage CKT1 significantly alleviated hepatic injury and decreased bacterial load in the liver, spleen, heart, ovary, and oviduct of hens, implying that phage CKT1 played an active role in the elimination of <i>Salmonella</i> colonization in adult chickens. Additionally, phage CKT1 enabled a reduction in the <i>Salmonella</i>-specific IgG level in the serum of infected chickens. More importantly, the decrease in the <i>S.</i> Pullorum load on eggshells and in liquid whole eggs revealed that phage CKT1 effectively controlled the vertical transmission of <i>S.</i> Pullorum from hens to laid eggs, indicating the potential ability of phages to control bacterial vertical transmission.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/312<i>Salmonella</i> Pullorumphage therapyvertical transmissionpoultryreproductive infection |
| spellingShingle | Ketong Cui Peiyong Li Jiaqi Huang Fang Lin Ruibo Li Dingguo Cao Guijuan Hao Shuhong Sun <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders Biology <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum phage therapy vertical transmission poultry reproductive infection |
| title | <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders |
| title_full | <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders |
| title_fullStr | <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders |
| title_short | <i>Salmonella</i> Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders |
| title_sort | i salmonella i phage ckt1 effectively controls the vertical transmission of i salmonella i pullorum in adult broiler breeders |
| topic | <i>Salmonella</i> Pullorum phage therapy vertical transmission poultry reproductive infection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/312 |
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