Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains

We analysed a 24 cm long sediment sequence (past ~200 years) from an alpine lake (Tatra Mts., Slovakia) for chironomids, cladocerans, and diatoms to reconstruct the effects of a historically documented fish introduction. Our results indicate that fish introduction predated the age of the sequence, a...

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Main Authors: Veronika Slobodníková, Ladislav Hamerlík, Marta Wojewódka-Przybył, Lucia Sochuliaková, Katarzyna Szarlowicz, Krisztina Buczkó, Tímea Chamutiová, Marcela Sedlačková Přidalová, Peter Bitušík
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-04-01
Series:Water
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/7/1372
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author Veronika Slobodníková
Ladislav Hamerlík
Marta Wojewódka-Przybył
Lucia Sochuliaková
Katarzyna Szarlowicz
Krisztina Buczkó
Tímea Chamutiová
Marcela Sedlačková Přidalová
Peter Bitušík
author_facet Veronika Slobodníková
Ladislav Hamerlík
Marta Wojewódka-Przybył
Lucia Sochuliaková
Katarzyna Szarlowicz
Krisztina Buczkó
Tímea Chamutiová
Marcela Sedlačková Přidalová
Peter Bitušík
author_sort Veronika Slobodníková
collection DOAJ
description We analysed a 24 cm long sediment sequence (past ~200 years) from an alpine lake (Tatra Mts., Slovakia) for chironomids, cladocerans, and diatoms to reconstruct the effects of a historically documented fish introduction. Our results indicate that fish introduction predated the age of the sequence, and thus, we did not cover the lake’s fishless period. The individual proxies coincide in showing two main lake development stages. The first stage lasted until ~1950 CE and was interpreted as the stage when brown trout and alpine bullhead co-occurred. The extremely low concentration of cladocerans, the dominance of small-bodied chydorids, and the low share of daphnids, together with the low proportion/absence of large-bodied tanypod chironomids, suggest a strong effect of both species. The beginning of the next stage is probably related to the ban on fish manipulations and grazing in the catchment. A significant increase in the total abundance of cladocerans and of daphnids may indicate the extirpation of trout. The steep increase in thermally plastic chironomid taxa since the end of the 20th century indicates climate warming. Generally, while cladocerans primarily indicate fish manipulations, chironomids and diatoms mainly reflect other local and global environmental stressors.
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spelling doaj.art-b094e98b5447406c989050bd8c6c27892023-12-01T01:24:35ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-04-01157137210.3390/w15071372Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran RemainsVeronika Slobodníková0Ladislav Hamerlík1Marta Wojewódka-Przybył2Lucia Sochuliaková3Katarzyna Szarlowicz4Krisztina Buczkó5Tímea Chamutiová6Marcela Sedlačková Přidalová7Peter Bitušík8Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97401 Banská Bystrica, SlovakiaDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97401 Banská Bystrica, SlovakiaInstitute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Hydrobiology and Microbiology, National Water Reference Laboratory, Water Research Institute, Nábr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu 7, 81249 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Coal Chemistry and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, spol. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Str. 1/C, H9-1117 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97401 Banská Bystrica, SlovakiaDepartment of Biology and General Ecology, Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Technical University of Zvolen, Ul. T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, SlovakiaDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97401 Banská Bystrica, SlovakiaWe analysed a 24 cm long sediment sequence (past ~200 years) from an alpine lake (Tatra Mts., Slovakia) for chironomids, cladocerans, and diatoms to reconstruct the effects of a historically documented fish introduction. Our results indicate that fish introduction predated the age of the sequence, and thus, we did not cover the lake’s fishless period. The individual proxies coincide in showing two main lake development stages. The first stage lasted until ~1950 CE and was interpreted as the stage when brown trout and alpine bullhead co-occurred. The extremely low concentration of cladocerans, the dominance of small-bodied chydorids, and the low share of daphnids, together with the low proportion/absence of large-bodied tanypod chironomids, suggest a strong effect of both species. The beginning of the next stage is probably related to the ban on fish manipulations and grazing in the catchment. A significant increase in the total abundance of cladocerans and of daphnids may indicate the extirpation of trout. The steep increase in thermally plastic chironomid taxa since the end of the 20th century indicates climate warming. Generally, while cladocerans primarily indicate fish manipulations, chironomids and diatoms mainly reflect other local and global environmental stressors.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/7/1372ChironomidaeCladoceraBacillariophyceaealpine bullheadbrown troutpaleolimnology
spellingShingle Veronika Slobodníková
Ladislav Hamerlík
Marta Wojewódka-Przybył
Lucia Sochuliaková
Katarzyna Szarlowicz
Krisztina Buczkó
Tímea Chamutiová
Marcela Sedlačková Přidalová
Peter Bitušík
Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
Water
Chironomidae
Cladocera
Bacillariophyceae
alpine bullhead
brown trout
paleolimnology
title Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
title_full Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
title_fullStr Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
title_full_unstemmed Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
title_short Tracking Fish Introduction in a Mountain Lake over the Last 200 Years Using Chironomids, Diatoms, and Cladoceran Remains
title_sort tracking fish introduction in a mountain lake over the last 200 years using chironomids diatoms and cladoceran remains
topic Chironomidae
Cladocera
Bacillariophyceae
alpine bullhead
brown trout
paleolimnology
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/7/1372
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