Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid
Abstract This project covers the investigation of the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina ( $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles, which are diluted into water to form $$Cu-{Al}_{2}{O}_{3...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Engineering and Applied Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00388-9 |
| _version_ | 1797274462187421696 |
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| author | Mohammad Ferdows MD. Shamshuddin Ahmed Mohammed Rashad Md Gulum Murtaza Sulyman Olakunle Salawu |
| author_facet | Mohammad Ferdows MD. Shamshuddin Ahmed Mohammed Rashad Md Gulum Murtaza Sulyman Olakunle Salawu |
| author_sort | Mohammad Ferdows |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This project covers the investigation of the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina ( $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles, which are diluted into water to form $$Cu-{Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$ C u - Al 2 O 3 - water hybrid nanofluid. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are derived from Navier-Stokes equations. The system of PDEs is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity transformation. MATLAB’s bvp4c function is used to numerically solve the resulting system of governing ordinary differential equations. The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the intricate behavior displayed by hybrid nanofluids on the stagnant directed flow of extended/shrunk flat surfaces, considering the effects of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and various nanoparticles. The generated numerical results of flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number have been presented graphically and discussed in the relevance of the governing parameters contributing to the flow. The outcomes reveal that the velocity components are reduced with increasing $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$ Al 2 O 3 - water nanofluid volume fraction. A monotonical increase in the parameters stretching/shrinking and suction/injection with a corresponding rise in both nanoparticles volume fraction propels heat gradient rate. An increase in the Schmidt numbers encourages a mass transfer field due to an enhanced boundary viscosity. The validation of numerical results is done with previously published results. Through our results, we have found that the performance of a hybrid nanofluid is more significant than other fluids. In addition, this study enhances the progress of theoretical comprehension by endeavoring to resolve the intricate interplay between fluid dynamics and thermal characteristics through the utilization of numerical approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:58:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b09a18111fe2474db3cb6d4093e58ba0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-1903 2536-9512 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:58:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Engineering and Applied Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b09a18111fe2474db3cb6d4093e58ba02024-03-05T19:16:08ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Engineering and Applied Science1110-19032536-95122024-03-0171112110.1186/s44147-024-00388-9Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluidMohammad Ferdows0MD. Shamshuddin1Ahmed Mohammed Rashad2Md Gulum Murtaza3Sulyman Olakunle Salawu4Research Group of Fluid Flow Modeling and Simulation, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of DhakaDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence (Mathematics), SR UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Comilla UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Bowen UniversityAbstract This project covers the investigation of the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina ( $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles, which are diluted into water to form $$Cu-{Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$ C u - Al 2 O 3 - water hybrid nanofluid. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are derived from Navier-Stokes equations. The system of PDEs is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity transformation. MATLAB’s bvp4c function is used to numerically solve the resulting system of governing ordinary differential equations. The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the intricate behavior displayed by hybrid nanofluids on the stagnant directed flow of extended/shrunk flat surfaces, considering the effects of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and various nanoparticles. The generated numerical results of flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number have been presented graphically and discussed in the relevance of the governing parameters contributing to the flow. The outcomes reveal that the velocity components are reduced with increasing $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$ Al 2 O 3 - water nanofluid volume fraction. A monotonical increase in the parameters stretching/shrinking and suction/injection with a corresponding rise in both nanoparticles volume fraction propels heat gradient rate. An increase in the Schmidt numbers encourages a mass transfer field due to an enhanced boundary viscosity. The validation of numerical results is done with previously published results. Through our results, we have found that the performance of a hybrid nanofluid is more significant than other fluids. In addition, this study enhances the progress of theoretical comprehension by endeavoring to resolve the intricate interplay between fluid dynamics and thermal characteristics through the utilization of numerical approaches.https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00388-9Boundary layer flowStagnation point flowHybrid nanofluidNanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Ferdows MD. Shamshuddin Ahmed Mohammed Rashad Md Gulum Murtaza Sulyman Olakunle Salawu Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid Journal of Engineering and Applied Science Boundary layer flow Stagnation point flow Hybrid nanofluid Nanoparticles |
| title | Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| title_full | Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| title_fullStr | Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| title_short | Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| title_sort | three dimensional boundary layer flow and heat mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid |
| topic | Boundary layer flow Stagnation point flow Hybrid nanofluid Nanoparticles |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00388-9 |
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