In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are normally born in the thymus and activated in secondary lymphoid tissues to suppress immune responses in the lymph node and at sites of inflammation. Tregs are also resident in various tissues or accumulate in damaged tissues, which are now called tissue Tregs, and cont...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.960036/full |
| _version_ | 1811291467658821632 |
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| author | Shinichi Yamamoto Ako Matsui Masaki Ohyagi Chie Kikutake Yoshihiro Harada Mana Iizuka-Koga Mikita Suyama Akihiko Yoshimura Minako Ito |
| author_facet | Shinichi Yamamoto Ako Matsui Masaki Ohyagi Chie Kikutake Yoshihiro Harada Mana Iizuka-Koga Mikita Suyama Akihiko Yoshimura Minako Ito |
| author_sort | Shinichi Yamamoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are normally born in the thymus and activated in secondary lymphoid tissues to suppress immune responses in the lymph node and at sites of inflammation. Tregs are also resident in various tissues or accumulate in damaged tissues, which are now called tissue Tregs, and contribute to homeostasis and tissue repair by interacting with non-immune cells. We have shown that Tregs accumulate in the brain during the chronic phase in a mouse cerebral infarction model, and these Tregs acquire the characteristic properties of brain Tregs and contribute to the recovery of neurological damage by interacting with astrocytes. However, the mechanism of tissue Treg development is not fully understood. We developed a culture method that confers brain Treg characteristics in vitro. Naive Tregs from the spleen were activated and efficiently amplified by T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in the presence of primary astrocytes. Furthermore, adding IL-33 and serotonin could confer part of the properties of brain Tregs, such as ST2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and serotonin receptor 7 (Htr7) expression. Transcriptome analysis revealed that in vitro generated brain Treg-like Tregs (induced brain Tregs; iB-Tregs) showed similar gene expression patterns as those in in vivo brain Tregs, although they were not identical. Furthermore, in Parkinson’s disease models, in which T cells have been shown to be involved in disease progression, iB-Tregs infiltrated into the brain more readily and ameliorated pathological symptoms more effectively than splenic Tregs. These data indicate that iB-Tregs contribute to our understanding of brain Treg development and could also be therapeutic for inflammatory brain diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:29:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0b43ec9b97f436aab7b07d41aab01cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:29:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0b43ec9b97f436aab7b07d41aab01cf2022-12-22T03:02:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-07-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.960036960036In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With AstrocytesShinichi Yamamoto0Ako Matsui1Masaki Ohyagi2Chie Kikutake3Yoshihiro Harada4Mana Iizuka-Koga5Mikita Suyama6Akihiko Yoshimura7Minako Ito8Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDivision of Allergy and Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDivision of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanDivision of Allergy and Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDivision of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDivision of Allergy and Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are normally born in the thymus and activated in secondary lymphoid tissues to suppress immune responses in the lymph node and at sites of inflammation. Tregs are also resident in various tissues or accumulate in damaged tissues, which are now called tissue Tregs, and contribute to homeostasis and tissue repair by interacting with non-immune cells. We have shown that Tregs accumulate in the brain during the chronic phase in a mouse cerebral infarction model, and these Tregs acquire the characteristic properties of brain Tregs and contribute to the recovery of neurological damage by interacting with astrocytes. However, the mechanism of tissue Treg development is not fully understood. We developed a culture method that confers brain Treg characteristics in vitro. Naive Tregs from the spleen were activated and efficiently amplified by T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in the presence of primary astrocytes. Furthermore, adding IL-33 and serotonin could confer part of the properties of brain Tregs, such as ST2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and serotonin receptor 7 (Htr7) expression. Transcriptome analysis revealed that in vitro generated brain Treg-like Tregs (induced brain Tregs; iB-Tregs) showed similar gene expression patterns as those in in vivo brain Tregs, although they were not identical. Furthermore, in Parkinson’s disease models, in which T cells have been shown to be involved in disease progression, iB-Tregs infiltrated into the brain more readily and ameliorated pathological symptoms more effectively than splenic Tregs. These data indicate that iB-Tregs contribute to our understanding of brain Treg development and could also be therapeutic for inflammatory brain diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.960036/fullastrocyteIL-33Parkinson’s diseaseserotonintissue Tregs |
| spellingShingle | Shinichi Yamamoto Ako Matsui Masaki Ohyagi Chie Kikutake Yoshihiro Harada Mana Iizuka-Koga Mikita Suyama Akihiko Yoshimura Minako Ito In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes Frontiers in Immunology astrocyte IL-33 Parkinson’s disease serotonin tissue Tregs |
| title | In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes |
| title_full | In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes |
| title_short | In Vitro Generation of Brain Regulatory T Cells by Co-culturing With Astrocytes |
| title_sort | in vitro generation of brain regulatory t cells by co culturing with astrocytes |
| topic | astrocyte IL-33 Parkinson’s disease serotonin tissue Tregs |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.960036/full |
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