Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano
Abstract The Millennium Eruption of Paektu volcano, on the border of China and North Korea, generated tephra deposits that extend >1000 km from the vent, making it one of the largest eruptions in historical times. Based on observed thicknesses and compositions of the deposits, the widespread teph...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Communications Earth & Environment |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01162-0 |
| _version_ | 1797362868815921152 |
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| author | Antonio Costa Leonardo Mingari Victoria C. Smith Giovanni Macedonio Danielle McLean Arnau Folch Jeonghyun Lee Sung-Hyo Yun |
| author_facet | Antonio Costa Leonardo Mingari Victoria C. Smith Giovanni Macedonio Danielle McLean Arnau Folch Jeonghyun Lee Sung-Hyo Yun |
| author_sort | Antonio Costa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Millennium Eruption of Paektu volcano, on the border of China and North Korea, generated tephra deposits that extend >1000 km from the vent, making it one of the largest eruptions in historical times. Based on observed thicknesses and compositions of the deposits, the widespread tephra dispersal is attributed to two eruption phases fuelled by chemically distinct magmas that produced both pyroclastic flows and fallout deposits. We used an ensemble-based method with a dual step inversion, in combination with the FALL3D atmospheric tephra transport model, to constrain these two different phases. The volume of the two distinct phases has been calculated. The results indicate that about 3-16 km3 (with a best estimate of 7.2 km3) and 4-20 km3 (with a best estimate of 9.3 km3) of magma were erupted during the comendite and trachyte phases of the eruption, respectively. Eruption rates of up to 4 × 108 kg/s generated plumes that extended 30-40 km up into the stratosphere during each phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:13:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0bc5f7bb33e4cee9cd42525e196e31e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2662-4435 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:13:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Earth & Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0bc5f7bb33e4cee9cd42525e196e31e2024-01-07T12:48:33ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352024-01-015111310.1038/s43247-023-01162-0Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcanoAntonio Costa0Leonardo Mingari1Victoria C. Smith2Giovanni Macedonio3Danielle McLean4Arnau Folch5Jeonghyun Lee6Sung-Hyo Yun7Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di BolognaGeociencias Barcelona (GEO3-BCN), CSICResearch Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of OxfordIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio VesuvianoResearch Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of OxfordGeociencias Barcelona (GEO3-BCN), CSICVolcano Specialized Research Center, Pusan National UniversityVolcano Specialized Research Center, Pusan National UniversityAbstract The Millennium Eruption of Paektu volcano, on the border of China and North Korea, generated tephra deposits that extend >1000 km from the vent, making it one of the largest eruptions in historical times. Based on observed thicknesses and compositions of the deposits, the widespread tephra dispersal is attributed to two eruption phases fuelled by chemically distinct magmas that produced both pyroclastic flows and fallout deposits. We used an ensemble-based method with a dual step inversion, in combination with the FALL3D atmospheric tephra transport model, to constrain these two different phases. The volume of the two distinct phases has been calculated. The results indicate that about 3-16 km3 (with a best estimate of 7.2 km3) and 4-20 km3 (with a best estimate of 9.3 km3) of magma were erupted during the comendite and trachyte phases of the eruption, respectively. Eruption rates of up to 4 × 108 kg/s generated plumes that extended 30-40 km up into the stratosphere during each phase.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01162-0 |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Costa Leonardo Mingari Victoria C. Smith Giovanni Macedonio Danielle McLean Arnau Folch Jeonghyun Lee Sung-Hyo Yun Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano Communications Earth & Environment |
| title | Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano |
| title_full | Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano |
| title_fullStr | Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano |
| title_short | Eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the Millennium eruption of Paektu (Changbaishan) volcano |
| title_sort | eruption plumes extended more than 30 km in altitude in both phases of the millennium eruption of paektu changbaishan volcano |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01162-0 |
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