A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity
To ascertain how scalloped hammerhead sharks make nightly migrations to their feeding grounds as many as 20 km from their daytime abode, a seamount, a sensor was developed that measured irradiance intensity within the spectral range and sensitivity of the vision of the species. Could the sharks guid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/105 |
| _version_ | 1797538912962347008 |
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| author | A. Peter Klimley |
| author_facet | A. Peter Klimley |
| author_sort | A. Peter Klimley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To ascertain how scalloped hammerhead sharks make nightly migrations to their feeding grounds as many as 20 km from their daytime abode, a seamount, a sensor was developed that measured irradiance intensity within the spectral range and sensitivity of the vision of the species. Could the sharks guide their movements by sensing the polarity of irradiation energy radiated from the sun or moon that penetrated into the oceanic depths? Two sensory receptors, cones and rods, are present in the retina of sharks to enable them to see both during daytime and nighttime. The peak sensitivity of the cones is red-shifted due to the presence of these wavelengths during the former period, while their response is linear under the range of the high light levels also present at this time; the peak sensitivity of rods is blue-shifted due to the presence of these wavelengths during dawn, dusk, and nighttime and is linear over the complementary range of low light levels. Spectral response curves for these two receptors were determined for sharks, and an attempt was made to match those of the sensors to the shark’s wavelength perception. The first sensor was matched to the photopic range using a photocell covered with a red-shifted gel filter; the second was matched to the scotopic range using a blue-shifted gel filter. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:37:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0c0e92d1e2047d7bbd385f5245e747d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:37:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0c0e92d1e2047d7bbd385f5245e747d2023-11-21T14:09:01ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742021-04-0111410510.3390/bios11040105A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral SensitivityA. Peter Klimley0College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USATo ascertain how scalloped hammerhead sharks make nightly migrations to their feeding grounds as many as 20 km from their daytime abode, a seamount, a sensor was developed that measured irradiance intensity within the spectral range and sensitivity of the vision of the species. Could the sharks guide their movements by sensing the polarity of irradiation energy radiated from the sun or moon that penetrated into the oceanic depths? Two sensory receptors, cones and rods, are present in the retina of sharks to enable them to see both during daytime and nighttime. The peak sensitivity of the cones is red-shifted due to the presence of these wavelengths during the former period, while their response is linear under the range of the high light levels also present at this time; the peak sensitivity of rods is blue-shifted due to the presence of these wavelengths during dawn, dusk, and nighttime and is linear over the complementary range of low light levels. Spectral response curves for these two receptors were determined for sharks, and an attempt was made to match those of the sensors to the shark’s wavelength perception. The first sensor was matched to the photopic range using a photocell covered with a red-shifted gel filter; the second was matched to the scotopic range using a blue-shifted gel filter.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/105irradiancesensorspectral sensitivityorientationshark |
| spellingShingle | A. Peter Klimley A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity Biosensors irradiance sensor spectral sensitivity orientation shark |
| title | A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity |
| title_full | A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity |
| title_fullStr | A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity |
| title_short | A Sensor Designed to Record Underwater Irradiance with Concern for a Shark’s Spectral Sensitivity |
| title_sort | sensor designed to record underwater irradiance with concern for a shark s spectral sensitivity |
| topic | irradiance sensor spectral sensitivity orientation shark |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/105 |
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