Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges
Africa historically has had the highest incidence of meningococcal disease with high endemic rates and periodic epidemics. The meningitis belt, a region of sub-Saharan Africa extending from Senegal to Ethiopia, has experienced large, devastating epidemics. However, dramatic shifts in the epidemiolog...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1412020 |
| _version_ | 1797677567396806656 |
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| author | Mustapha M. Mustapha Lee H. Harrison |
| author_facet | Mustapha M. Mustapha Lee H. Harrison |
| author_sort | Mustapha M. Mustapha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Africa historically has had the highest incidence of meningococcal disease with high endemic rates and periodic epidemics. The meningitis belt, a region of sub-Saharan Africa extending from Senegal to Ethiopia, has experienced large, devastating epidemics. However, dramatic shifts in the epidemiology of meningococcal disease have occurred recently. For instance, meningococcal capsular group A (NmA) epidemics in the meningitis belt have essentially been eliminated by use of conjugate vaccine. However, NmW epidemics have emerged and spread across the continent since 2000; NmX epidemics have occurred sporadically, and NmC recently emerged in Nigeria and Niger. Outside the meningitis belt, NmB predominates in North Africa, while NmW followed by NmB predominate in South Africa. Improved surveillance is necessary to address the challenges of this changing epidemiologic picture. A low-cost, multivalent conjugate vaccine covering NmA and the emergent and prevalent meningococcal capsular groups C, W, and X in the meningitis belt is a pressing need. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:47:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0cc00bdf6ab456ea2c45fc933aeb890 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:47:10Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0cc00bdf6ab456ea2c45fc933aeb8902023-09-22T08:17:53ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2018-05-011451107111510.1080/21645515.2017.14120201412020Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challengesMustapha M. Mustapha0Lee H. Harrison1Microbial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of PittsburghMicrobial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of PittsburghAfrica historically has had the highest incidence of meningococcal disease with high endemic rates and periodic epidemics. The meningitis belt, a region of sub-Saharan Africa extending from Senegal to Ethiopia, has experienced large, devastating epidemics. However, dramatic shifts in the epidemiology of meningococcal disease have occurred recently. For instance, meningococcal capsular group A (NmA) epidemics in the meningitis belt have essentially been eliminated by use of conjugate vaccine. However, NmW epidemics have emerged and spread across the continent since 2000; NmX epidemics have occurred sporadically, and NmC recently emerged in Nigeria and Niger. Outside the meningitis belt, NmB predominates in North Africa, while NmW followed by NmB predominate in South Africa. Improved surveillance is necessary to address the challenges of this changing epidemiologic picture. A low-cost, multivalent conjugate vaccine covering NmA and the emergent and prevalent meningococcal capsular groups C, W, and X in the meningitis belt is a pressing need.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1412020african meningitis beltconjugate vaccinemeningococcalmenafrivacneisseria meningitidis |
| spellingShingle | Mustapha M. Mustapha Lee H. Harrison Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics african meningitis belt conjugate vaccine meningococcal menafrivac neisseria meningitidis |
| title | Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges |
| title_full | Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges |
| title_fullStr | Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges |
| title_short | Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in Africa: Major advances, remaining challenges |
| title_sort | vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease in africa major advances remaining challenges |
| topic | african meningitis belt conjugate vaccine meningococcal menafrivac neisseria meningitidis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1412020 |
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