The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study
Background: Dyslipidaemia is a key comorbid condition of type 2 diabetes mellitus that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study describes the pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among patients with t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022015675 |
| _version_ | 1818000876940296192 |
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| author | Sylvester Yao Lokpo Roger Laryea James Osei-Yeboah William K.B.A. Owiredu Richard K.D. Ephraim Esther Ngozi Adejumo Samuel Ametepe Michael Appiah Nogo Peter Patrick Affrim Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui Ohene Kweku Abeka |
| author_facet | Sylvester Yao Lokpo Roger Laryea James Osei-Yeboah William K.B.A. Owiredu Richard K.D. Ephraim Esther Ngozi Adejumo Samuel Ametepe Michael Appiah Nogo Peter Patrick Affrim Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui Ohene Kweku Abeka |
| author_sort | Sylvester Yao Lokpo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Dyslipidaemia is a key comorbid condition of type 2 diabetes mellitus that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study describes the pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ho. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study enrolled 210 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Ho municipality. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic and other relevant parameters. Anthropometric, haemodynamic, and biochemical variables were obtained using standard methods. Dyslipidaemia was defined according to the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) criteria while elevated levels of non-HDL-C was defined as non-HDL-C level ≥3.37 mmol/L. A Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with elevated non-HDL-C levels. Results: Overall, dyslipidaemia and elevated levels of non-HDL-C prevalence was 67.1% and 64.3%, respectively. The frequency of atherogenic, isolated, and mixed dyslipidaemias were 10.5%, 58.09% and 53.33 %, respectively. Females were four times more likely to develop elevated levels of non-HDL-C after adjustment for age (AOR: 4.07; CI: 2.20–7.51; p < 0.0001). Likewise, overweight (AOR: 3.1; CI: 1.45–6.61; p = 0.0035), grade 1 obesity (AOR: 2.8; CI: 1.20–6.49; p = 0.0168), and truncal obesity (AOR: 3.09; CI: 1.54–6.19; p < 0.0001) were three times each more likely to develop elevated levels of non HDL-C after adjustment for age and gender. However, alcohol intake was 66% unlikely to develop elevated levels of non-HDL-C (COR: 0.34; CI: 0.16–0.73; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia and elevated levels of non-HDL-C were common in our study participants. Hypercholesterolaemia and co-occurrence of high TG and high LDL-C levels were the most prevalent isolated and mixed dyslipidaemias, respectively. The female gender, overweight, grade 1 obesity and truncal obesity, as well as alcohol intake were significant predictors of elevated levels of non-HDL-C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:26:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0d0b2214efc494093914d6d69ff04ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:26:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0d0b2214efc494093914d6d69ff04ca2022-12-22T02:15:08ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402022-08-0188e10279The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional studySylvester Yao Lokpo0Roger Laryea1James Osei-Yeboah2William K.B.A. Owiredu3Richard K.D. Ephraim4Esther Ngozi Adejumo5Samuel Ametepe6Michael Appiah7Nogo Peter8Patrick Affrim9Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui10Ohene Kweku Abeka11Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Corresponding author.Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaSchool of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape-Coast, Cape-Coast, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaFaculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Eastern Region, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Accra Technical University, Accra, Greater Accra Region, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaLaboratory Department, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Volta Region, GhanaLaboratory Department, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Volta Region, GhanaSchool of Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaBackground: Dyslipidaemia is a key comorbid condition of type 2 diabetes mellitus that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study describes the pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ho. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study enrolled 210 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Ho municipality. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic and other relevant parameters. Anthropometric, haemodynamic, and biochemical variables were obtained using standard methods. Dyslipidaemia was defined according to the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) criteria while elevated levels of non-HDL-C was defined as non-HDL-C level ≥3.37 mmol/L. A Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with elevated non-HDL-C levels. Results: Overall, dyslipidaemia and elevated levels of non-HDL-C prevalence was 67.1% and 64.3%, respectively. The frequency of atherogenic, isolated, and mixed dyslipidaemias were 10.5%, 58.09% and 53.33 %, respectively. Females were four times more likely to develop elevated levels of non-HDL-C after adjustment for age (AOR: 4.07; CI: 2.20–7.51; p < 0.0001). Likewise, overweight (AOR: 3.1; CI: 1.45–6.61; p = 0.0035), grade 1 obesity (AOR: 2.8; CI: 1.20–6.49; p = 0.0168), and truncal obesity (AOR: 3.09; CI: 1.54–6.19; p < 0.0001) were three times each more likely to develop elevated levels of non HDL-C after adjustment for age and gender. However, alcohol intake was 66% unlikely to develop elevated levels of non-HDL-C (COR: 0.34; CI: 0.16–0.73; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia and elevated levels of non-HDL-C were common in our study participants. Hypercholesterolaemia and co-occurrence of high TG and high LDL-C levels were the most prevalent isolated and mixed dyslipidaemias, respectively. The female gender, overweight, grade 1 obesity and truncal obesity, as well as alcohol intake were significant predictors of elevated levels of non-HDL-C.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022015675DyslipidaemiaPattern of dyslipidaemiaIsolated dyslipidaemiaAtherogenic dyslipidaemiaMixed dyslipiademiaElevated non-HDL-C |
| spellingShingle | Sylvester Yao Lokpo Roger Laryea James Osei-Yeboah William K.B.A. Owiredu Richard K.D. Ephraim Esther Ngozi Adejumo Samuel Ametepe Michael Appiah Nogo Peter Patrick Affrim Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui Ohene Kweku Abeka The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study Heliyon Dyslipidaemia Pattern of dyslipidaemia Isolated dyslipidaemia Atherogenic dyslipidaemia Mixed dyslipiademia Elevated non-HDL-C |
| title | The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study |
| title_full | The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study |
| title_fullStr | The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study |
| title_short | The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study |
| title_sort | pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non hdl cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the ho municipality a cross sectional study |
| topic | Dyslipidaemia Pattern of dyslipidaemia Isolated dyslipidaemia Atherogenic dyslipidaemia Mixed dyslipiademia Elevated non-HDL-C |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022015675 |
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