What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development
Marine energy devices are installed in highly dynamic environments and have the potential to affect the benthic and pelagic habitats around them. Regulatory bodies often require baseline characterization and/or post-installation monitoring to determine whether changes in these habitats are being obs...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/1/92 |
| _version_ | 1797492918459564032 |
|---|---|
| author | Lenaïg G. Hemery Kailan F. Mackereth Levy G. Tugade |
| author_facet | Lenaïg G. Hemery Kailan F. Mackereth Levy G. Tugade |
| author_sort | Lenaïg G. Hemery |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine energy devices are installed in highly dynamic environments and have the potential to affect the benthic and pelagic habitats around them. Regulatory bodies often require baseline characterization and/or post-installation monitoring to determine whether changes in these habitats are being observed. However, a great diversity of technologies is available for surveying and sampling marine habitats, and selecting the most suitable instrument to identify and measure changes in habitats at marine energy sites can become a daunting task. We conducted a thorough review of journal articles, survey reports, and grey literature to extract information about the technologies used, the data collection and processing methods, and the performance and effectiveness of these instruments. We examined documents related to marine energy development, offshore wind farms, oil and gas offshore sites, and other marine industries around the world over the last 20 years. A total of 120 different technologies were identified across six main habitat categories: seafloor, sediment, infauna, epifauna, pelagic, and biofouling. The technologies were organized into 12 broad technology classes: acoustic, corer, dredge, grab, hook and line, net and trawl, plate, remote sensing, scrape samples, trap, visual, and others. Visual was the most common and the most diverse technology class, with applications across all six habitat categories. Technologies and sampling methods that are designed for working efficiently in energetic environments have greater success at marine energy sites. In addition, sampling designs and statistical analyses should be carefully thought through to identify differences in faunal assemblages and spatiotemporal changes in habitats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:11:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0d57f30c2f0446499d700f2aaf276bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:11:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0d57f30c2f0446499d700f2aaf276bc2023-11-23T14:16:52ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-01-011019210.3390/jmse10010092What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy DevelopmentLenaïg G. Hemery0Kailan F. Mackereth1Levy G. Tugade2Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Coastal Sciences Division, Sequim, WA 98382, USAPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Coastal Sciences Division, Sequim, WA 98382, USAPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Coastal Sciences Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USAMarine energy devices are installed in highly dynamic environments and have the potential to affect the benthic and pelagic habitats around them. Regulatory bodies often require baseline characterization and/or post-installation monitoring to determine whether changes in these habitats are being observed. However, a great diversity of technologies is available for surveying and sampling marine habitats, and selecting the most suitable instrument to identify and measure changes in habitats at marine energy sites can become a daunting task. We conducted a thorough review of journal articles, survey reports, and grey literature to extract information about the technologies used, the data collection and processing methods, and the performance and effectiveness of these instruments. We examined documents related to marine energy development, offshore wind farms, oil and gas offshore sites, and other marine industries around the world over the last 20 years. A total of 120 different technologies were identified across six main habitat categories: seafloor, sediment, infauna, epifauna, pelagic, and biofouling. The technologies were organized into 12 broad technology classes: acoustic, corer, dredge, grab, hook and line, net and trawl, plate, remote sensing, scrape samples, trap, visual, and others. Visual was the most common and the most diverse technology class, with applications across all six habitat categories. Technologies and sampling methods that are designed for working efficiently in energetic environments have greater success at marine energy sites. In addition, sampling designs and statistical analyses should be carefully thought through to identify differences in faunal assemblages and spatiotemporal changes in habitats.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/1/92biofoulingepifaunahabitatinfaunamarine energypelagic |
| spellingShingle | Lenaïg G. Hemery Kailan F. Mackereth Levy G. Tugade What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development Journal of Marine Science and Engineering biofouling epifauna habitat infauna marine energy pelagic |
| title | What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development |
| title_full | What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development |
| title_fullStr | What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development |
| title_short | What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development |
| title_sort | what s in my toolkit a review of technologies for assessing changes in habitats caused by marine energy development |
| topic | biofouling epifauna habitat infauna marine energy pelagic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/1/92 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lenaigghemery whatsinmytoolkitareviewoftechnologiesforassessingchangesinhabitatscausedbymarineenergydevelopment AT kailanfmackereth whatsinmytoolkitareviewoftechnologiesforassessingchangesinhabitatscausedbymarineenergydevelopment AT levygtugade whatsinmytoolkitareviewoftechnologiesforassessingchangesinhabitatscausedbymarineenergydevelopment |