Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone
Conventional methods for analyzing heavy metal contamination in soil and water generally require laboratory equipped instruments, complex procedures, skilled personnel and a significant amount of time. With the advancement in computing and multitasking performances, smartphone-based sensors potentia...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/777 |
| _version_ | 1828136447076466688 |
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| author | Mohd Farhan Siddiqui Soocheol Kim Hyoil Jeon Taeho Kim Chulmin Joo Seungkyung Park |
| author_facet | Mohd Farhan Siddiqui Soocheol Kim Hyoil Jeon Taeho Kim Chulmin Joo Seungkyung Park |
| author_sort | Mohd Farhan Siddiqui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conventional methods for analyzing heavy metal contamination in soil and water generally require laboratory equipped instruments, complex procedures, skilled personnel and a significant amount of time. With the advancement in computing and multitasking performances, smartphone-based sensors potentially allow the transition of the laboratory-based analytical processes to field applicable, simple methods. In the present work, we demonstrate the novel miniaturized setup for simultaneous sample preparation and smartphone-based optical sensing of arsenic As(III) in the contaminated soil. Colorimetric detection protocol utilizing aptamers, gold nanoparticles and NaCl have been optimized and tested on the PDMS-chip to obtain the high sensitivity with the limit of detection of 0.71 ppm (in the sample) and a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The performance of the device is further demonstrated through the comparative analysis of arsenic-spiked soil samples with standard laboratory method, and a good agreement with a correlation coefficient of 0.9917 and the average difference of 0.37 ppm, are experimentally achieved. With the android application on the device to run the experiment, the whole process from sample preparation to detection is completed within 3 hours without the necessity of skilled personnel. The approximate cost of setup is estimated around 1 USD, weight 55 g. Therefore, the presented method offers the simple, rapid, portable and cost-effective means for onsite sensing of arsenic in soil. Combined with the geometric information inside the smartphones, the system will allow the monitoring of the contamination status of soils in a nation-wide manner. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:04:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0d9bb4297e74d92829a603a7c0e7a02 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:04:30Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0d9bb4297e74d92829a603a7c0e7a022022-12-22T04:10:22ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-03-0118377710.3390/s18030777s18030777Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a SmartphoneMohd Farhan Siddiqui0Soocheol Kim1Hyoil Jeon2Taeho Kim3Chulmin Joo4Seungkyung Park5School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan 31253, KoreaConventional methods for analyzing heavy metal contamination in soil and water generally require laboratory equipped instruments, complex procedures, skilled personnel and a significant amount of time. With the advancement in computing and multitasking performances, smartphone-based sensors potentially allow the transition of the laboratory-based analytical processes to field applicable, simple methods. In the present work, we demonstrate the novel miniaturized setup for simultaneous sample preparation and smartphone-based optical sensing of arsenic As(III) in the contaminated soil. Colorimetric detection protocol utilizing aptamers, gold nanoparticles and NaCl have been optimized and tested on the PDMS-chip to obtain the high sensitivity with the limit of detection of 0.71 ppm (in the sample) and a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The performance of the device is further demonstrated through the comparative analysis of arsenic-spiked soil samples with standard laboratory method, and a good agreement with a correlation coefficient of 0.9917 and the average difference of 0.37 ppm, are experimentally achieved. With the android application on the device to run the experiment, the whole process from sample preparation to detection is completed within 3 hours without the necessity of skilled personnel. The approximate cost of setup is estimated around 1 USD, weight 55 g. Therefore, the presented method offers the simple, rapid, portable and cost-effective means for onsite sensing of arsenic in soil. Combined with the geometric information inside the smartphones, the system will allow the monitoring of the contamination status of soils in a nation-wide manner.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/777biosensorsoil arsenic monitoringminiaturizedcolorimetric detectionsmartphone |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Farhan Siddiqui Soocheol Kim Hyoil Jeon Taeho Kim Chulmin Joo Seungkyung Park Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone Sensors biosensor soil arsenic monitoring miniaturized colorimetric detection smartphone |
| title | Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone |
| title_full | Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone |
| title_fullStr | Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone |
| title_short | Miniaturized Sample Preparation and Rapid Detection of Arsenite in Contaminated Soil Using a Smartphone |
| title_sort | miniaturized sample preparation and rapid detection of arsenite in contaminated soil using a smartphone |
| topic | biosensor soil arsenic monitoring miniaturized colorimetric detection smartphone |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/777 |
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