Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020
Abstract Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) is considered a novel PCV, firstly found in China in 2019 and later discovered in Korea. This present study investigated the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV4 from high pig-density areas in Thailand during 2019–2020. From 734 samples, three samples (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32382-1 |
| _version_ | 1797853804648988672 |
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| author | Chaitawat Sirisereewan Thanh Che Nguyen Chutchai Piewbang Suphattra Jittimanee Roongtham Kedkovid Roongroje Thanawongnuwech |
| author_facet | Chaitawat Sirisereewan Thanh Che Nguyen Chutchai Piewbang Suphattra Jittimanee Roongtham Kedkovid Roongroje Thanawongnuwech |
| author_sort | Chaitawat Sirisereewan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) is considered a novel PCV, firstly found in China in 2019 and later discovered in Korea. This present study investigated the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV4 from high pig-density areas in Thailand during 2019–2020. From 734 samples, three samples (0.4%) from aborted fetuses and porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) cases were found positive for PCV4, two of the PCV4-positive samples were coinfected with both PCV2 and PRRSV, and the other PCV4-positive sample was found coinfected with PCV2. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed the presence of PCV4 in the bronchial epithelial cells and in lymphocytes and histiocyte-like cells in the lymphoid follicles of the PRDC-affected pig. The complete Thai PCV4 genome had over 98% nucleotide identity with other PCV4 strains and was closely related to the Korean and Chinese PCV4b strains. Importantly, the amino acid residue at position 212 of the Cap gene is recommended for differentiating PCV4a (212L) from PCV4b (212M) based on currently available PCV4 genome sequences. These findings provide important clues for the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and genetic characteristics of PCV4 in Thailand. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:56:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b0e70eb83be94e68a13807539e1a5831 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:56:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-b0e70eb83be94e68a13807539e1a58312023-04-03T05:27:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-0113111010.1038/s41598-023-32382-1Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020Chaitawat Sirisereewan0Thanh Che Nguyen1Chutchai Piewbang2Suphattra Jittimanee3Roongtham Kedkovid4Roongroje Thanawongnuwech5Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityThe International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityResearch Group for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals and Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen UniversityDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityAbstract Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) is considered a novel PCV, firstly found in China in 2019 and later discovered in Korea. This present study investigated the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PCV4 from high pig-density areas in Thailand during 2019–2020. From 734 samples, three samples (0.4%) from aborted fetuses and porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) cases were found positive for PCV4, two of the PCV4-positive samples were coinfected with both PCV2 and PRRSV, and the other PCV4-positive sample was found coinfected with PCV2. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed the presence of PCV4 in the bronchial epithelial cells and in lymphocytes and histiocyte-like cells in the lymphoid follicles of the PRDC-affected pig. The complete Thai PCV4 genome had over 98% nucleotide identity with other PCV4 strains and was closely related to the Korean and Chinese PCV4b strains. Importantly, the amino acid residue at position 212 of the Cap gene is recommended for differentiating PCV4a (212L) from PCV4b (212M) based on currently available PCV4 genome sequences. These findings provide important clues for the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and genetic characteristics of PCV4 in Thailand.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32382-1 |
| spellingShingle | Chaitawat Sirisereewan Thanh Che Nguyen Chutchai Piewbang Suphattra Jittimanee Roongtham Kedkovid Roongroje Thanawongnuwech Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 Scientific Reports |
| title | Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 |
| title_full | Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 |
| title_fullStr | Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 |
| title_short | Molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) in Thailand during 2019–2020 |
| title_sort | molecular detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 4 pcv4 in thailand during 2019 2020 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32382-1 |
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