| Summary: | A new species, <i>Colletotrichum menglaense</i>, isolated from air in Mengla, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China, was characterized and described combining morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analysis. Morphologically, it is characterized by oblong, sometimes slightly constricted, micro-guttulate conidia and simple obovoid to ellipsoidal appressoria. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, ACT, CHS, and GAPDH sequences showed that <i>C. menglaense</i> belongs to the <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> complex. The pathogenicity of <i>C. menglaense</i> on fruits of several crop plants, including strawberry, orange, grape, tomato, and blueberry, was tested and confirmed by the re-isolation of <i>C. menglaense</i>.
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