Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition
This paper compares the quiet time variation of the Total Electron Content (TEC) over four stations located at high and mid latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres of the African-European longitudes. Five years Global Positioning System (GPS) data, from 2002 to 2006, representing the peri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journal.nsps.org.ng/index.php/jnsps/article/view/23 |
| _version_ | 1818473125184012288 |
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| author | Shola Adebiyi Isaac Adimula Olushola Oladipo |
| author_facet | Shola Adebiyi Isaac Adimula Olushola Oladipo |
| author_sort | Shola Adebiyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper compares the quiet time variation of the Total Electron Content (TEC) over four stations located at high and mid latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres of the African-European longitudes. Five years Global Positioning System (GPS) data, from 2002 to 2006, representing the periods of high to low solar activities were used for the study. Generally, the maximum diurnal values of TEC are observed between 10:00 – 14:00 LT in all the stations during the periods investigated. The minimum values of TEC are observed during the pre-sunrise hours for the two mid latitude stations and around the pre-midnight/post-midnight for the high latitude stations. The maximum values of TEC, however vary with season, latitude and solar activity in all the stations. The values decrease with increase in latitudes and decrease in solar activity. The values range between 10 – 32 and 11 – 50 TECU respectively, for high and mid latitudes for all the years considered. Seasonally, the highest values of TEC are generally observed during the equinoxes in all the stations except at the southern mid latitude station where it can as well be observed in summer, particularly during the Moderate Solar Activity (MSA) and Low Solar Activity (LSA) periods. The lowest values of TEC are observed in winter in all the stations in the southern hemisphere and can be observed in both winter and summer for stations in the northern hemisphere depending on the latitude and solar activity period. TEC variation also exhibits (1) asymmetry in the equinoctial values in all the stations and the magnitude is most pronounced during the period of High Solar Activity (HSA); (2) winter ionosphere anomaly feature, observed only in the northern hemisphere stations; and (3) daytime minimum and nighttime maximum in the diurnal structures of TEC at high latitude in the northern hemisphere during the winter. The nighttime maximum value was observed around 21:00 LT with magnitude that decreases with decrease in solar activity. The annual maximum value of TEC decreases with solar activity at all the stations, with the highest/lowest peak observed in HSA/LSA periods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:18:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b10163591af243b3884080e6b920f06c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2714-2817 2714-4704 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:18:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b10163591af243b3884080e6b920f06c2022-12-22T02:12:39ZengNigerian Society of Physical SciencesJournal of Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences2714-28172714-47042020-05-012210.46481/jnsps.2020.23Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic ConditionShola Adebiyi0Isaac Adimula1Olushola Oladipo2Department of Physics, Landmark University, P.M.B. 1001, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, NigeriaDepartment of Physics, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.Department of Physics, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.This paper compares the quiet time variation of the Total Electron Content (TEC) over four stations located at high and mid latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres of the African-European longitudes. Five years Global Positioning System (GPS) data, from 2002 to 2006, representing the periods of high to low solar activities were used for the study. Generally, the maximum diurnal values of TEC are observed between 10:00 – 14:00 LT in all the stations during the periods investigated. The minimum values of TEC are observed during the pre-sunrise hours for the two mid latitude stations and around the pre-midnight/post-midnight for the high latitude stations. The maximum values of TEC, however vary with season, latitude and solar activity in all the stations. The values decrease with increase in latitudes and decrease in solar activity. The values range between 10 – 32 and 11 – 50 TECU respectively, for high and mid latitudes for all the years considered. Seasonally, the highest values of TEC are generally observed during the equinoxes in all the stations except at the southern mid latitude station where it can as well be observed in summer, particularly during the Moderate Solar Activity (MSA) and Low Solar Activity (LSA) periods. The lowest values of TEC are observed in winter in all the stations in the southern hemisphere and can be observed in both winter and summer for stations in the northern hemisphere depending on the latitude and solar activity period. TEC variation also exhibits (1) asymmetry in the equinoctial values in all the stations and the magnitude is most pronounced during the period of High Solar Activity (HSA); (2) winter ionosphere anomaly feature, observed only in the northern hemisphere stations; and (3) daytime minimum and nighttime maximum in the diurnal structures of TEC at high latitude in the northern hemisphere during the winter. The nighttime maximum value was observed around 21:00 LT with magnitude that decreases with decrease in solar activity. The annual maximum value of TEC decreases with solar activity at all the stations, with the highest/lowest peak observed in HSA/LSA periods.https://journal.nsps.org.ng/index.php/jnsps/article/view/23TECSolar activityWinter anomalyEquinoctial asymmetry |
| spellingShingle | Shola Adebiyi Isaac Adimula Olushola Oladipo Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition Journal of Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences TEC Solar activity Winter anomaly Equinoctial asymmetry |
| title | Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition |
| title_full | Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition |
| title_fullStr | Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition |
| title_short | Inter-Hemispheric Comparison of Ionospheric TEC Variation at Each Latitudinal Band During Quiet Geomagnetic Condition |
| title_sort | inter hemispheric comparison of ionospheric tec variation at each latitudinal band during quiet geomagnetic condition |
| topic | TEC Solar activity Winter anomaly Equinoctial asymmetry |
| url | https://journal.nsps.org.ng/index.php/jnsps/article/view/23 |
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