Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers
Background: Psychosocial factors, like physical, chemical and biological factors, are also the potential hazards. But, psychological factors, such as stress, are not mentioned in every kinds of occupation. Some important psychosocial manifestations found among the workers in previous studies were h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Occupational Health and Safety Society of Nepal
2016-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/IJOSH/article/view/22527 |
| _version_ | 1818822019317235712 |
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| author | Seshananda Sanjel Sanjay N. Khanal Ajay Risal Steven M. Thygerson Sunil K. Joshi |
| author_facet | Seshananda Sanjel Sanjay N. Khanal Ajay Risal Steven M. Thygerson Sunil K. Joshi |
| author_sort | Seshananda Sanjel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Psychosocial factors, like physical, chemical and biological factors, are also the potential hazards. But, psychological factors, such as stress, are not mentioned in every kinds of occupation. Some important psychosocial manifestations found among the workers in previous studies were headache, depression, frustration, worry, low self-esteem, boredom and lack of sleep.
Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate and psychosocial factors that are associated with occupational factor between brick kiln workers and grocery workers.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Valley during February-March 2015 i, targeting all the brick kiln workers. Firstly, all the registered the brick kilns (106 in number) were visited to form the potential sampling frame. Multi-stage probability proportionate to size sampling was applied to select 400 brick kiln workers from 16 brick kilns who had been working there for more than two years. An equal size unmatched reference group was maintained from the grocery workers. Interviews were conducted by trained health workers.
Data was entered in the Microsoft (MS) excel and was transferred into the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 21 was used to perform analysis. Both descriptive and (mean, median and inter-quartile range) and inferential (Mann Whitney U test) statistics were computed. The level of significance was set at <0.05.
Results: Nearly 20.0% of exposed workers were <19 years of age among which slightly above three fifth achieved primary education. Almost 40% of brick kiln workers were ever smokers. Positive factors of psychosocial and emotional functioning were lower and negative factors were higher among brick kiln workers.
The parameters of relationships such as self-esteem, stress and personal agency and the parameters of emotions like emotional, somatic, chronic fear, anxiety, hopelessness, helplessness, abuse and mal-treatment were better and significantly better respectively, in the reference group than the exposed group. However, the social factor was significantly poor among the reference group i.e. the grocery workers as observed while conducting Mann Whitney U test at p<0.05 level.
Conclusion: Among most of the parameters, brick kiln workers' psychosocial functioning was significantly poorer than the grocery workers. Providing formal and/or non-formal education as well as raising awareness about the deleterious effects of the exposure to brick kiln workers should be recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:17:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b11c9fbeaf9946c086a3142e0d96526d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2738-9707 2091-0878 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:17:25Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Occupational Health and Safety Society of Nepal |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-b11c9fbeaf9946c086a3142e0d96526d2022-12-21T20:48:07ZengOccupational Health and Safety Society of NepalInternational Journal of Occupational Safety and Health2738-97072091-08782016-12-0162Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workersSeshananda Sanjel0Sanjay N. Khanal1Ajay Risal2Steven M. Thygerson3Sunil K. Joshi4Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, NepalSchool of Science, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, NepalKathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, NepalBrigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USAKathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu, NepalBackground: Psychosocial factors, like physical, chemical and biological factors, are also the potential hazards. But, psychological factors, such as stress, are not mentioned in every kinds of occupation. Some important psychosocial manifestations found among the workers in previous studies were headache, depression, frustration, worry, low self-esteem, boredom and lack of sleep. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate and psychosocial factors that are associated with occupational factor between brick kiln workers and grocery workers. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Valley during February-March 2015 i, targeting all the brick kiln workers. Firstly, all the registered the brick kilns (106 in number) were visited to form the potential sampling frame. Multi-stage probability proportionate to size sampling was applied to select 400 brick kiln workers from 16 brick kilns who had been working there for more than two years. An equal size unmatched reference group was maintained from the grocery workers. Interviews were conducted by trained health workers. Data was entered in the Microsoft (MS) excel and was transferred into the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 21 was used to perform analysis. Both descriptive and (mean, median and inter-quartile range) and inferential (Mann Whitney U test) statistics were computed. The level of significance was set at <0.05. Results: Nearly 20.0% of exposed workers were <19 years of age among which slightly above three fifth achieved primary education. Almost 40% of brick kiln workers were ever smokers. Positive factors of psychosocial and emotional functioning were lower and negative factors were higher among brick kiln workers. The parameters of relationships such as self-esteem, stress and personal agency and the parameters of emotions like emotional, somatic, chronic fear, anxiety, hopelessness, helplessness, abuse and mal-treatment were better and significantly better respectively, in the reference group than the exposed group. However, the social factor was significantly poor among the reference group i.e. the grocery workers as observed while conducting Mann Whitney U test at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: Among most of the parameters, brick kiln workers' psychosocial functioning was significantly poorer than the grocery workers. Providing formal and/or non-formal education as well as raising awareness about the deleterious effects of the exposure to brick kiln workers should be recommended.https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/IJOSH/article/view/22527brick kilnemotionalgroceryNepalpsychosocial functioningrelationship |
| spellingShingle | Seshananda Sanjel Sanjay N. Khanal Ajay Risal Steven M. Thygerson Sunil K. Joshi Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health brick kiln emotional grocery Nepal psychosocial functioning relationship |
| title | Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| title_full | Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| title_fullStr | Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| title_short | Psychosocial factors associated with occupation: A comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| title_sort | psychosocial factors associated with occupation a comparative study between brick kiln and grocery workers |
| topic | brick kiln emotional grocery Nepal psychosocial functioning relationship |
| url | https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/IJOSH/article/view/22527 |
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