Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke
In this study, rigid polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam samples made from renewable material (tall oil fatty acid) based polyols were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to obtain information about the full relative smoke content, with a focus on subs...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/19/3205 |
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| author | Sanita Reinerte Vilhelmine Jurkjane Ugis Cabulis Arturs Viksna |
| author_facet | Sanita Reinerte Vilhelmine Jurkjane Ugis Cabulis Arturs Viksna |
| author_sort | Sanita Reinerte |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, rigid polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam samples made from renewable material (tall oil fatty acid) based polyols were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to obtain information about the full relative smoke content, with a focus on substance identification by their functional groups and hazardousness. The relative content of gaseous products produced during the thermal degradation was evaluated between the two samples, differenced by their assigned isocyanate (NCO) index value—150 and 300. The main thermal degradation components of the rigid PU-PIR foam were found to originate from the decomposition of isocyanate, primarily forming 4,4′-methylenedianiline, 3,3′-diaminodiphenylmethane, N-methylaniline, aniline, 4-benzylaniline and phenyl isocyanate. Hazard analysis revealed that the most common hazards were the hazards related to health: H315 (36%), H319 (28%), H335 (25%), and H302 (23%). The chemical compound with the highest relative content value—4,4′-methylenedianiline (45.3% for PU and 52.4% for PIR)—was identified to be a suspected carcinogen and mutagen. The focus of the study was identifying and evaluating the relative quantities of the produced gaseous products, examine their hazardousness, and provide information on the released thermal degradation products to form a renewable-source based rigid PU and PIR foam. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:54:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b11f4b39fc4f4f28b91d3b595a2b2303 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:54:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b11f4b39fc4f4f28b91d3b595a2b23032023-11-22T16:37:15ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-09-011319320510.3390/polym13193205Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam SmokeSanita Reinerte0Vilhelmine Jurkjane1Ugis Cabulis2Arturs Viksna3Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, LatviaLatvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, LatviaLatvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, LatviaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, LatviaIn this study, rigid polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam samples made from renewable material (tall oil fatty acid) based polyols were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to obtain information about the full relative smoke content, with a focus on substance identification by their functional groups and hazardousness. The relative content of gaseous products produced during the thermal degradation was evaluated between the two samples, differenced by their assigned isocyanate (NCO) index value—150 and 300. The main thermal degradation components of the rigid PU-PIR foam were found to originate from the decomposition of isocyanate, primarily forming 4,4′-methylenedianiline, 3,3′-diaminodiphenylmethane, N-methylaniline, aniline, 4-benzylaniline and phenyl isocyanate. Hazard analysis revealed that the most common hazards were the hazards related to health: H315 (36%), H319 (28%), H335 (25%), and H302 (23%). The chemical compound with the highest relative content value—4,4′-methylenedianiline (45.3% for PU and 52.4% for PIR)—was identified to be a suspected carcinogen and mutagen. The focus of the study was identifying and evaluating the relative quantities of the produced gaseous products, examine their hazardousness, and provide information on the released thermal degradation products to form a renewable-source based rigid PU and PIR foam.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/19/3205rigid PU-PIR foamanalytical pyrolysisphysical hazardshealth hazardsenvironmental hazards |
| spellingShingle | Sanita Reinerte Vilhelmine Jurkjane Ugis Cabulis Arturs Viksna Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke Polymers rigid PU-PIR foam analytical pyrolysis physical hazards health hazards environmental hazards |
| title | Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke |
| title_full | Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke |
| title_fullStr | Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke |
| title_short | Identification and Evaluation of Hazardous Pyrolysates in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Polyisocyanurate Foam Smoke |
| title_sort | identification and evaluation of hazardous pyrolysates in bio based rigid polyurethane polyisocyanurate foam smoke |
| topic | rigid PU-PIR foam analytical pyrolysis physical hazards health hazards environmental hazards |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/19/3205 |
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