Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils
Abstract The marigolds (Tagetes spp.) in this study were classified as excluders for cadmium (Cd); however, their leaves also accumulated substantial Cd content. Among the experimental treatments (i.e., control, cattle manure, pig manure, and leonardite which served as soil amendments), pig manure r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95467-9 |
| _version_ | 1819198710156886016 |
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| author | Alapha Thongchai Weeradej Meeinkuirt Puntaree Taeprayoon Isma-ae Chelong |
| author_facet | Alapha Thongchai Weeradej Meeinkuirt Puntaree Taeprayoon Isma-ae Chelong |
| author_sort | Alapha Thongchai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The marigolds (Tagetes spp.) in this study were classified as excluders for cadmium (Cd); however, their leaves also accumulated substantial Cd content. Among the experimental treatments (i.e., control, cattle manure, pig manure, and leonardite which served as soil amendments), pig manure resulted in significantly increased growth performance for all marigold cultivars as seen by relative growth rates (119–132.3%) and showed positive effects on leaf anatomy modifications, e.g., thickness of spongy and palisade mesophyll, size of vein area and diameter of xylem cells. This may be due to substantially higher essential nutrient content, e.g., total nitrogen (N) and extractable phosphorus (P), in pig manure that aided all marigold cultivars, particularly the French cultivar which exhibited the highest relative growth rate (132.3%). In the Cd-only treatment, cell disorganization was observed in vascular bundles as well as in palisade and spongy mesophyll, which may have been responsible for the lowest plant growth performance recorded in this study, particularly among the American and Honey cultivars (RGR = 73% and 77.3%, respectively). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T03:04:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b12339c4982941f19b30d70273162ba0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T03:04:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-b12339c4982941f19b30d70273162ba02022-12-21T18:02:20ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-08-011111910.1038/s41598-021-95467-9Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soilsAlapha Thongchai0Weeradej Meeinkuirt1Puntaree Taeprayoon2Isma-ae Chelong3Faculty of Science Technology and Agriculture, Yala Rajabhat UniversityMahidol UniversityMahidol UniversityFaculty of Science Technology and Agriculture, Yala Rajabhat UniversityAbstract The marigolds (Tagetes spp.) in this study were classified as excluders for cadmium (Cd); however, their leaves also accumulated substantial Cd content. Among the experimental treatments (i.e., control, cattle manure, pig manure, and leonardite which served as soil amendments), pig manure resulted in significantly increased growth performance for all marigold cultivars as seen by relative growth rates (119–132.3%) and showed positive effects on leaf anatomy modifications, e.g., thickness of spongy and palisade mesophyll, size of vein area and diameter of xylem cells. This may be due to substantially higher essential nutrient content, e.g., total nitrogen (N) and extractable phosphorus (P), in pig manure that aided all marigold cultivars, particularly the French cultivar which exhibited the highest relative growth rate (132.3%). In the Cd-only treatment, cell disorganization was observed in vascular bundles as well as in palisade and spongy mesophyll, which may have been responsible for the lowest plant growth performance recorded in this study, particularly among the American and Honey cultivars (RGR = 73% and 77.3%, respectively).https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95467-9 |
| spellingShingle | Alapha Thongchai Weeradej Meeinkuirt Puntaree Taeprayoon Isma-ae Chelong Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils Scientific Reports |
| title | Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils |
| title_full | Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils |
| title_fullStr | Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils |
| title_short | Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils |
| title_sort | effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium spiked soils |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95467-9 |
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