Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress
Plant metabolism is altered in response to various environmental changes. In vegetable crops such as tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>), the metabolic composition of fruits varies depending on the variety or cultivar as well as the cultivation method used. Few studies have examined the...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| author | Hiroko Asakura Shu Taira Junko Funaki Takashi Yamakawa Keiko Abe Tomiko Asakura |
| author_facet | Hiroko Asakura Shu Taira Junko Funaki Takashi Yamakawa Keiko Abe Tomiko Asakura |
| author_sort | Hiroko Asakura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant metabolism is altered in response to various environmental changes. In vegetable crops such as tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>), the metabolic composition of fruits varies depending on the variety or cultivar as well as the cultivation method used. Few studies have examined the metabolic fluctuations in fruits under stress conditions, such as drought. We previously examined the metabolomes of mature green tomato fruits, which undergo drastic changes in chemical composition during ripening, and mature red fruits in response to drought stress. We detected or predicted fluctuations in the levels of fatty acids and phospholipid constituents, such as inositol and ethanolamine. In this study, we determined the localizations of these metabolites in fruits using mass spectrometry imaging. The accumulation patterns of stearic acid and palmitic acid were similar, but unlike these fatty acids, oleic acid accumulated to high levels in the placenta. Inositol is involved in various physiological processes; under drought conditions, this metabolite is synthesized by a different pathway compared to under normal conditions. The biosynthesis of pectin, a component of the gel surrounding the seeds, was suppressed under drought stress but increased in seeds. We propose that under drought conditions, a shift to phospholipid biosynthesis occurs that protects seeds from dehydration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:50:33Z |
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| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:50:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b1236ba92e814873b8b5daf3a263d2fe2023-11-23T11:09:32ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0112121610.3390/app12010216Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought StressHiroko Asakura0Shu Taira1Junko Funaki2Takashi Yamakawa3Keiko Abe4Tomiko Asakura5Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanFaculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Cluster of Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima 960-1290, JapanDepartment of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women’s University, Fukuoka 813-8529, JapanDepartment of Global Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, JapanPlant metabolism is altered in response to various environmental changes. In vegetable crops such as tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>), the metabolic composition of fruits varies depending on the variety or cultivar as well as the cultivation method used. Few studies have examined the metabolic fluctuations in fruits under stress conditions, such as drought. We previously examined the metabolomes of mature green tomato fruits, which undergo drastic changes in chemical composition during ripening, and mature red fruits in response to drought stress. We detected or predicted fluctuations in the levels of fatty acids and phospholipid constituents, such as inositol and ethanolamine. In this study, we determined the localizations of these metabolites in fruits using mass spectrometry imaging. The accumulation patterns of stearic acid and palmitic acid were similar, but unlike these fatty acids, oleic acid accumulated to high levels in the placenta. Inositol is involved in various physiological processes; under drought conditions, this metabolite is synthesized by a different pathway compared to under normal conditions. The biosynthesis of pectin, a component of the gel surrounding the seeds, was suppressed under drought stress but increased in seeds. We propose that under drought conditions, a shift to phospholipid biosynthesis occurs that protects seeds from dehydration.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/216tomatodrought stressmetabolometranscriptomemass spectrometry imagingcell membrane |
| spellingShingle | Hiroko Asakura Shu Taira Junko Funaki Takashi Yamakawa Keiko Abe Tomiko Asakura Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress Applied Sciences tomato drought stress metabolome transcriptome mass spectrometry imaging cell membrane |
| title | Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress |
| title_full | Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress |
| title_fullStr | Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress |
| title_short | Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Green and Red Tomato Fruits Exposed to Drought Stress |
| title_sort | mass spectrometry imaging analysis of metabolic changes in green and red tomato fruits exposed to drought stress |
| topic | tomato drought stress metabolome transcriptome mass spectrometry imaging cell membrane |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/216 |
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