Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil
Abstract Introduction Despite the results of epidemiological and psychometric studies reporting comparable levels of tobacco dependence among males and females, some clinical studies have detected disparities. Some smoking cessation studies based on clinical setting programs reported poorer outcom...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Associação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-60892023000100411&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797821857015005184 |
|---|---|
| author | Bruna Beatriz Sales Guimarães-Pereira Anderson Sousa Martins-da-Silva Danielle Ruiz Lima Carlos Felipe Cavalcanti Carvalho Aline Rodrigues Loreto Lucas Pequeno Galvão Fernanda Piotto Frallonardo Flavia Ismael Julio Torales Antonio Ventriglio Arthur Guerra de Andrade João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia |
| author_facet | Bruna Beatriz Sales Guimarães-Pereira Anderson Sousa Martins-da-Silva Danielle Ruiz Lima Carlos Felipe Cavalcanti Carvalho Aline Rodrigues Loreto Lucas Pequeno Galvão Fernanda Piotto Frallonardo Flavia Ismael Julio Torales Antonio Ventriglio Arthur Guerra de Andrade João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia |
| author_sort | Bruna Beatriz Sales Guimarães-Pereira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Despite the results of epidemiological and psychometric studies reporting comparable levels of tobacco dependence among males and females, some clinical studies have detected disparities. Some smoking cessation studies based on clinical setting programs reported poorer outcomes among women than men. Methods This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare treatment success and retention between men and women on a smoking cessation program (n = 1,014) delivered at a CAPS-AD unit in Brazil. The psychological intervention lasted 6 weeks for each group of 15 patients. Each patient had to participate in weekly group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions and individual medical appointments during this period. These appointments were focused on the possibility of prescribing pharmacological treatment (i.e., nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, or nortriptyline) as adjuvants to group therapy. Results The women had lower smoking severity at baseline, more clinical symptoms, and lower prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders and were older than the men. Females had significantly higher levels of success (36.6% vs. 29.7%) and retention (51.6% vs. 41.4%) than males. Sensitivity analysis showed that female gender was significantly associated with both retention and success, among those without drug use disorders only. Conclusion Depending on the smoking cessation setting (i.e., low and middle-income countries and mental health and addiction care units), females can achieve similar and even higher quit rates than males. Previous drug use disorder was an important confounding variable in the gender outcomes analyses. Future studies should try to replicate these positive smoking cessation effects of CBT-based group therapy plus pharmacotherapy in women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:00:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b13162a179ef4bb69c60085e42ddf79e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-0019 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:00:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Associação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b13162a179ef4bb69c60085e42ddf79e2023-05-23T07:32:37ZengAssociação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do SulTrends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy2238-00192023-05-014510.47626/2237-6089-2021-0217Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in BrazilBruna Beatriz Sales Guimarães-PereiraAnderson Sousa Martins-da-Silvahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9961-9337Danielle Ruiz LimaCarlos Felipe Cavalcanti Carvalhohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-4918Aline Rodrigues LoretoLucas Pequeno GalvãoFernanda Piotto FrallonardoFlavia IsmaelJulio Toraleshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-7036Antonio VentriglioArthur Guerra de AndradeJoão Mauricio Castaldelli-Maiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-2291Abstract Introduction Despite the results of epidemiological and psychometric studies reporting comparable levels of tobacco dependence among males and females, some clinical studies have detected disparities. Some smoking cessation studies based on clinical setting programs reported poorer outcomes among women than men. Methods This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare treatment success and retention between men and women on a smoking cessation program (n = 1,014) delivered at a CAPS-AD unit in Brazil. The psychological intervention lasted 6 weeks for each group of 15 patients. Each patient had to participate in weekly group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions and individual medical appointments during this period. These appointments were focused on the possibility of prescribing pharmacological treatment (i.e., nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, or nortriptyline) as adjuvants to group therapy. Results The women had lower smoking severity at baseline, more clinical symptoms, and lower prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders and were older than the men. Females had significantly higher levels of success (36.6% vs. 29.7%) and retention (51.6% vs. 41.4%) than males. Sensitivity analysis showed that female gender was significantly associated with both retention and success, among those without drug use disorders only. Conclusion Depending on the smoking cessation setting (i.e., low and middle-income countries and mental health and addiction care units), females can achieve similar and even higher quit rates than males. Previous drug use disorder was an important confounding variable in the gender outcomes analyses. Future studies should try to replicate these positive smoking cessation effects of CBT-based group therapy plus pharmacotherapy in women.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-60892023000100411&tlng=enTobacco use cessationfemaletobacco use disorder |
| spellingShingle | Bruna Beatriz Sales Guimarães-Pereira Anderson Sousa Martins-da-Silva Danielle Ruiz Lima Carlos Felipe Cavalcanti Carvalho Aline Rodrigues Loreto Lucas Pequeno Galvão Fernanda Piotto Frallonardo Flavia Ismael Julio Torales Antonio Ventriglio Arthur Guerra de Andrade João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Tobacco use cessation female tobacco use disorder |
| title | Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil |
| title_full | Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil |
| title_short | Sex differences in smoking cessation: a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in Brazil |
| title_sort | sex differences in smoking cessation a retrospective cohort study in a psychosocial care unit in brazil |
| topic | Tobacco use cessation female tobacco use disorder |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-60892023000100411&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brunabeatrizsalesguimaraespereira sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT andersonsousamartinsdasilva sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT danielleruizlima sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT carlosfelipecavalcanticarvalho sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT alinerodriguesloreto sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT lucaspequenogalvao sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT fernandapiottofrallonardo sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT flaviaismael sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT juliotorales sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT antonioventriglio sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT arthurguerradeandrade sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil AT joaomauriciocastaldellimaia sexdifferencesinsmokingcessationaretrospectivecohortstudyinapsychosocialcareunitinbrazil |