Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being employed in numerous consumer goods and applications; however, they are renowned for inducing negative cellular consequences including toxicity, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory response. Nanotoxicological outcomes are dependent on numerous factors, includ...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/6/832 |
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| author | Katherine E. Burns Robert F. Uhrig Maggie E. Jewett Madison F. Bourbon Kristen A. Krupa |
| author_facet | Katherine E. Burns Robert F. Uhrig Maggie E. Jewett Madison F. Bourbon Kristen A. Krupa |
| author_sort | Katherine E. Burns |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being employed in numerous consumer goods and applications; however, they are renowned for inducing negative cellular consequences including toxicity, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory response. Nanotoxicological outcomes are dependent on numerous factors, including physicochemical, biological, and environmental influences. Currently, NP safety evaluations are carried out in both cell-based in vitro and animal in vivo models, with poor correlation between these mechanisms. These discrepancies highlight the need for enhanced exposure environments, which retain the advantages of in vitro models but incorporate critical in vivo influences, such as fluid dynamics. This study characterized the effects of dynamic flow on AgNP behavior, cellular interactions, and oxidative stress within both adherent alveolar (A549) and suspension monocyte (U937) models. This study determined that the presence of physiologically relevant flow resulted in substantial modifications to AgNP cellular interactions and subsequent oxidative stress, as assessed via reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione levels, p53, NFκB, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Within the adherent model, dynamic flow reduced AgNP deposition and oxidative stress markers by roughly 20%. However, due to increased frequency of contact, the suspension U937 cells were associated with higher NP interactions and intracellular stress under fluid flow exposure conditions. For example, the increased AgNP association resulted in a 50% increase in intracellular ROS and p53 levels. This work highlights the potential of modified in vitro systems to improve analysis of AgNP dosimetry and safety evaluations, including oxidative stress assessments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:07:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1395f69ae5f49a08d280b5d163d4ade |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:07:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1395f69ae5f49a08d280b5d163d4ade2023-11-21T21:01:22ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-05-0110683210.3390/antiox10060832Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro ModelsKatherine E. Burns0Robert F. Uhrig1Maggie E. Jewett2Madison F. Bourbon3Kristen A. Krupa4Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0256, USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0256, USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0256, USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0256, USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0256, USASilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being employed in numerous consumer goods and applications; however, they are renowned for inducing negative cellular consequences including toxicity, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory response. Nanotoxicological outcomes are dependent on numerous factors, including physicochemical, biological, and environmental influences. Currently, NP safety evaluations are carried out in both cell-based in vitro and animal in vivo models, with poor correlation between these mechanisms. These discrepancies highlight the need for enhanced exposure environments, which retain the advantages of in vitro models but incorporate critical in vivo influences, such as fluid dynamics. This study characterized the effects of dynamic flow on AgNP behavior, cellular interactions, and oxidative stress within both adherent alveolar (A549) and suspension monocyte (U937) models. This study determined that the presence of physiologically relevant flow resulted in substantial modifications to AgNP cellular interactions and subsequent oxidative stress, as assessed via reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione levels, p53, NFκB, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Within the adherent model, dynamic flow reduced AgNP deposition and oxidative stress markers by roughly 20%. However, due to increased frequency of contact, the suspension U937 cells were associated with higher NP interactions and intracellular stress under fluid flow exposure conditions. For example, the increased AgNP association resulted in a 50% increase in intracellular ROS and p53 levels. This work highlights the potential of modified in vitro systems to improve analysis of AgNP dosimetry and safety evaluations, including oxidative stress assessments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/6/832silver nanoparticlereactive oxygen speciescytotoxicitydynamic flowp53NFκB |
| spellingShingle | Katherine E. Burns Robert F. Uhrig Maggie E. Jewett Madison F. Bourbon Kristen A. Krupa Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models Antioxidants silver nanoparticle reactive oxygen species cytotoxicity dynamic flow p53 NFκB |
| title | Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models |
| title_full | Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models |
| title_fullStr | Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models |
| title_short | Characterizing the Role of Biologically Relevant Fluid Dynamics on Silver Nanoparticle Dependent Oxidative Stress in Adherent and Suspension In Vitro Models |
| title_sort | characterizing the role of biologically relevant fluid dynamics on silver nanoparticle dependent oxidative stress in adherent and suspension in vitro models |
| topic | silver nanoparticle reactive oxygen species cytotoxicity dynamic flow p53 NFκB |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/6/832 |
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