Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System
With the push for higher efficiency and reliability, an increasing number of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and associated information and communication technology (ICT) are integrated into the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart grid. These advanced technologies and IEDs also bring potent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1754 |
| _version_ | 1797475220890583040 |
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| author | Ren Liu Hussain M. Mustafa Zhijie Nie Anurag K. Srivastava |
| author_facet | Ren Liu Hussain M. Mustafa Zhijie Nie Anurag K. Srivastava |
| author_sort | Ren Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the push for higher efficiency and reliability, an increasing number of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and associated information and communication technology (ICT) are integrated into the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart grid. These advanced technologies and IEDs also bring potential vulnerabilities to the intelligent cyber–physical smart grid. State estimation, as a primary step of system monitoring and situational awareness, is a potential target for attackers. A number of other smart grid applications, such as voltage stability assessment and contingency screening, utilize state estimation results as input data. False data injection (FDI) is a specific way to attack state estimation by manipulating input data. Existing research mainly focuses on the mathematical analysis of FDI attacks; however, in these methods, discussions of reachability requirements to compromise measurements considering cyberinfrastructure are limited. Reachability is defined as a measure that estimates the number of hosts to compromise for the possible FDI. Most of the existing FDI attack methods require the simultaneous manipulation on multiple measurement devices in different substations, in order to bypass the bad data detection, which may be impractical. In this paper, a new type of reachability-based FDI attack considering the cybernetwork with a practical attack is proposed and validated on two IEEE test systems. The corresponding defence mechanisms are (a) decentralized state estimation (DSE), (b) DSE with additional backup computational nodes, (c) communication network rerouting, and (d) intrusion detection system, and they were developed and presented with validation for two IEEE test systems with superior performance for an IoT-enabled intelligent smart grid system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:42:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b13cabe47d0746febec120e996ef1bac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:42:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-b13cabe47d0746febec120e996ef1bac2023-11-23T22:57:01ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-02-01155175410.3390/en15051754Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower SystemRen Liu0Hussain M. Mustafa1Zhijie Nie2Anurag K. Srivastava3State Key Laboratory of HVDC, National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System, CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation, Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou 510663, ChinaDepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USAGE Digital, Bothell, WA 98011, USADepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USAWith the push for higher efficiency and reliability, an increasing number of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and associated information and communication technology (ICT) are integrated into the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart grid. These advanced technologies and IEDs also bring potential vulnerabilities to the intelligent cyber–physical smart grid. State estimation, as a primary step of system monitoring and situational awareness, is a potential target for attackers. A number of other smart grid applications, such as voltage stability assessment and contingency screening, utilize state estimation results as input data. False data injection (FDI) is a specific way to attack state estimation by manipulating input data. Existing research mainly focuses on the mathematical analysis of FDI attacks; however, in these methods, discussions of reachability requirements to compromise measurements considering cyberinfrastructure are limited. Reachability is defined as a measure that estimates the number of hosts to compromise for the possible FDI. Most of the existing FDI attack methods require the simultaneous manipulation on multiple measurement devices in different substations, in order to bypass the bad data detection, which may be impractical. In this paper, a new type of reachability-based FDI attack considering the cybernetwork with a practical attack is proposed and validated on two IEEE test systems. The corresponding defence mechanisms are (a) decentralized state estimation (DSE), (b) DSE with additional backup computational nodes, (c) communication network rerouting, and (d) intrusion detection system, and they were developed and presented with validation for two IEEE test systems with superior performance for an IoT-enabled intelligent smart grid system.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1754state estimationcyber–physical analysisfalse data injection attackssmart grid communicationsmart grid measurementsIoT |
| spellingShingle | Ren Liu Hussain M. Mustafa Zhijie Nie Anurag K. Srivastava Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System Energies state estimation cyber–physical analysis false data injection attacks smart grid communication smart grid measurements IoT |
| title | Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System |
| title_full | Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System |
| title_fullStr | Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System |
| title_short | Reachability-Based False Data Injection Attacks and Defence Mechanisms for Cyberpower System |
| title_sort | reachability based false data injection attacks and defence mechanisms for cyberpower system |
| topic | state estimation cyber–physical analysis false data injection attacks smart grid communication smart grid measurements IoT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1754 |
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