Glutathione Modulation in PVY<sup>NTN</sup> Susceptible and Resistant Potato Plant Interactions
Glutathione is a metabolite that plays an important role in plant response to biotic stress through its ability to remove reactive oxygen species, thereby limiting the degree of potential oxidative damage. It can couple changes in the intracellular redox state to the development, especially the defe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/3797 |
| Summary: | Glutathione is a metabolite that plays an important role in plant response to biotic stress through its ability to remove reactive oxygen species, thereby limiting the degree of potential oxidative damage. It can couple changes in the intracellular redox state to the development, especially the defense responses, of plants. Several studies have focused on measuring glutathione levels in virus infected plants, but have not provided complete information. Therefore, we analyzed, for the first time, the content of glutathione as well as its ultrastructural distribution related to susceptible and hypersensitive potato–<i>Potato virus Y</i> NTN (PVY<sup>NTN</sup>) interaction, with an aim of providing new insight into interactive responses to PVY<sup>NTN</sup> stress. Our findings reported that the inoculation of PVY<sup>NTN</sup> caused a dynamic increase in the content of glutathione, not only in resistance but also in susceptible reaction, especially at the first steps of plant–virus interaction. Moreover, the increase in hypersensitive response was much more dynamic, and accompanied by a significant reduction in the content of PVY<sup>NTN</sup>. By contrast, in susceptible potato Irys, the content of glutathione decreased between 7 and 21 days after virus inoculation, which led to a significant increase in PVY<sup>NTN</sup> concentration. Additionally, our findings clearly indicated the steady induction of two selected potato glutathione S-transferase <i>StGSTF1</i> and <i>StGSTF2</i> genes after PVY<sup>NTN</sup> inoculation, regardless of the interaction type. However, the relative expression level of <i>StGSTF1</i> did not significantly differ between resistant and susceptible plants, whereas the relative expression levels of <i>StGSTF2</i> differed between susceptible and resistant reactions. Therefore, we proposed that <i>StGSTF2</i> can act as a marker of the type of response to PVY<sup>NTN</sup>. Our observations indicated that glutathione is an important component of signaling as well as the regulatory network in the PVY<sup>NTN</sup>–potato pathosystem. In resistance responses to PVY<sup>NTN</sup>, this metabolite activates plant defenses by reducing potential damage to the host plant cell, causing a reduction in virus concentration, while it can also be involved in the development of PVY<sup>NTN</sup> elicited symptoms, as well as limiting oxidative stress, leading to systemic infection in susceptible potato plants. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |