Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan
The quality of the surface water along the Kunhar River in Mansehra district, KPK Pakistan was assessed for ten water samples stations. A variety of parameters indicating water quality including physicochemical parameters, nutrients, heavy metals, and antibiotic residues were measured for both the r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/4/1132 |
| _version_ | 1797202832844128256 |
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| author | Shan-e-hyder Soomro Xiaotao Shi Jiali Guo Caihong Hu Haider M. Zwain Shaista Jalbani Yinghai Li Yu Guo Zhu Chunyun Jiahui Gu |
| author_facet | Shan-e-hyder Soomro Xiaotao Shi Jiali Guo Caihong Hu Haider M. Zwain Shaista Jalbani Yinghai Li Yu Guo Zhu Chunyun Jiahui Gu |
| author_sort | Shan-e-hyder Soomro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The quality of the surface water along the Kunhar River in Mansehra district, KPK Pakistan was assessed for ten water samples stations. A variety of parameters indicating water quality including physicochemical parameters, nutrients, heavy metals, and antibiotic residues were measured for both the rainy and dry seasons, the two main tropical seasons in Mansehra, using the standard methods. Kunhar River, one of the local drinking water sources, was studied to assess the heavy metal content, health risk assessment, and its suitability for human consumption. Health risk assessment for all the stations indicated that there is no particularly dangerous single heavy metal, but their cumulative effect is indicated by the hazard index. Concentrations of metals in water have a trend of decreasing in water, indicating that the accumulation of metals can affect the water chemistry of aquatic systems due to any physical or chemical process in the system. Greater consideration should be given to the variety of metals in relationship to multivariate analyses, suggesting that the industrial and residential activities were more important contributors to the pollution of the Kunhar River than the agricultural activities in Mansehra district. Such metals pose risks to aquatic life.
HIGHLIGHTS
In the Kunhar River, seasonal fluctuations in the levels of nutrients, toxic substances, as well as certain antibiotics were identified.;
The study revealed that domestic activities caused significantly more environmental damage to the Kunhar River than agricultural practices.;
High-pollution sites of the Kunhar River have been affected by human settlement.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:43:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b14828868e774f94b8718c29c483c1f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2040-2244 2408-9354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:09:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
| spelling | doaj.art-b14828868e774f94b8718c29c483c1f82024-04-17T08:19:57ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water and Climate Change2040-22442408-93542023-04-011441132114610.2166/wcc.2023.308308Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, PakistanShan-e-hyder Soomro0Xiaotao Shi1Jiali Guo2Caihong Hu3Haider M. Zwain4Shaista Jalbani5Yinghai Li6Yu Guo7Zhu Chunyun8Jiahui Gu9 College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Water Conservancy Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China College of Engineering, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Al-Qasim Province 51001, Iraq Fisheries and Aquaculture SBBUVAS, Sakrand Sindh, Pakistan College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China The quality of the surface water along the Kunhar River in Mansehra district, KPK Pakistan was assessed for ten water samples stations. A variety of parameters indicating water quality including physicochemical parameters, nutrients, heavy metals, and antibiotic residues were measured for both the rainy and dry seasons, the two main tropical seasons in Mansehra, using the standard methods. Kunhar River, one of the local drinking water sources, was studied to assess the heavy metal content, health risk assessment, and its suitability for human consumption. Health risk assessment for all the stations indicated that there is no particularly dangerous single heavy metal, but their cumulative effect is indicated by the hazard index. Concentrations of metals in water have a trend of decreasing in water, indicating that the accumulation of metals can affect the water chemistry of aquatic systems due to any physical or chemical process in the system. Greater consideration should be given to the variety of metals in relationship to multivariate analyses, suggesting that the industrial and residential activities were more important contributors to the pollution of the Kunhar River than the agricultural activities in Mansehra district. Such metals pose risks to aquatic life. HIGHLIGHTS In the Kunhar River, seasonal fluctuations in the levels of nutrients, toxic substances, as well as certain antibiotics were identified.; The study revealed that domestic activities caused significantly more environmental damage to the Kunhar River than agricultural practices.; High-pollution sites of the Kunhar River have been affected by human settlement.;http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/4/1132anthropogenic activitieshealth riskheavy metalskunhar riverpakistanriver ecosystem |
| spellingShingle | Shan-e-hyder Soomro Xiaotao Shi Jiali Guo Caihong Hu Haider M. Zwain Shaista Jalbani Yinghai Li Yu Guo Zhu Chunyun Jiahui Gu Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan Journal of Water and Climate Change anthropogenic activities health risk heavy metals kunhar river pakistan river ecosystem |
| title | Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan |
| title_full | Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan |
| title_short | Anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability, potentially toxic elements, and health risk assessment in the Mansehra district: a case study of the Kunhar River, Pakistan |
| title_sort | anthropocentric perspective on climatic variability potentially toxic elements and health risk assessment in the mansehra district a case study of the kunhar river pakistan |
| topic | anthropogenic activities health risk heavy metals kunhar river pakistan river ecosystem |
| url | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/4/1132 |
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