Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects
A data set of very high-resolution visible/near infrared hyperspectral images of young <i>Pinus contorta</i> trees was recorded to study the effects of herbicides on this invasive species. The camera was fixed on a frame while the potted trees were moved underneath on a conveyor belt. To...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1543 |
| _version_ | 1828120715823415296 |
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| author | Henning Buddenbaum Michael S. Watt Rebecca C. Scholten Joachim Hill |
| author_facet | Henning Buddenbaum Michael S. Watt Rebecca C. Scholten Joachim Hill |
| author_sort | Henning Buddenbaum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A data set of very high-resolution visible/near infrared hyperspectral images of young <i>Pinus contorta</i> trees was recorded to study the effects of herbicides on this invasive species. The camera was fixed on a frame while the potted trees were moved underneath on a conveyor belt. To account for changing illumination conditions, a white reference bar was included at the edge of each image line. Conventional preprocessing of the images, i.e., dividing measured values by values from the white reference bar in the same image line, failed and resulted in bad quality spectra with oscillation patterns that are most likely due to wavelength shifts across the sensor’s field of view (smile effect). An additional hyperspectral data set of a Spectralon white reference panel could be used to characterize and correct the oscillations introduced by the division, resulting in a high quality spectra that document the effects of herbicides on the reflectance characteristics of coniferous trees. While the spectra of untreated trees remained constant over time, there were clear temporal changes in the spectra of trees treated with both herbicides. One herbicide worked within days, the other one within weeks. Ground-based imaging spectroscopy with meaningful preprocessing proved to be an appropriate tool for monitoring the effects of herbicides on potted plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:10:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b149eede635c474fb72b06548cc829b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:10:35Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b149eede635c474fb72b06548cc829b52022-12-22T04:19:44ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-03-01197154310.3390/s19071543s19071543Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile EffectsHenning Buddenbaum0Michael S. Watt1Rebecca C. Scholten2Joachim Hill3Environmental Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Trier University, 54286 Trier, GermanyScion, 10 Kyle Street, Christchurch 8011, New ZealandEnvironmental Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Trier University, 54286 Trier, GermanyEnvironmental Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Trier University, 54286 Trier, GermanyA data set of very high-resolution visible/near infrared hyperspectral images of young <i>Pinus contorta</i> trees was recorded to study the effects of herbicides on this invasive species. The camera was fixed on a frame while the potted trees were moved underneath on a conveyor belt. To account for changing illumination conditions, a white reference bar was included at the edge of each image line. Conventional preprocessing of the images, i.e., dividing measured values by values from the white reference bar in the same image line, failed and resulted in bad quality spectra with oscillation patterns that are most likely due to wavelength shifts across the sensor’s field of view (smile effect). An additional hyperspectral data set of a Spectralon white reference panel could be used to characterize and correct the oscillations introduced by the division, resulting in a high quality spectra that document the effects of herbicides on the reflectance characteristics of coniferous trees. While the spectra of untreated trees remained constant over time, there were clear temporal changes in the spectra of trees treated with both herbicides. One herbicide worked within days, the other one within weeks. Ground-based imaging spectroscopy with meaningful preprocessing proved to be an appropriate tool for monitoring the effects of herbicides on potted plants.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1543Specim FX10field imaging spectroscopypreprocessingforestryherbicideinvasive species |
| spellingShingle | Henning Buddenbaum Michael S. Watt Rebecca C. Scholten Joachim Hill Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects Sensors Specim FX10 field imaging spectroscopy preprocessing forestry herbicide invasive species |
| title | Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects |
| title_full | Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects |
| title_fullStr | Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects |
| title_short | Preprocessing Ground-Based Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy Data Affected by Smile Effects |
| title_sort | preprocessing ground based visible near infrared imaging spectroscopy data affected by smile effects |
| topic | Specim FX10 field imaging spectroscopy preprocessing forestry herbicide invasive species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1543 |
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