Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates
Lumpy skin disease (LSD), an economically significant disease in cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), is endemic to nearly all of Africa. Since 2012, LSDV has emerged as a significant epizootic pathogen given its rapid spread into new geographical locations outside Africa, including the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/6/1142 |
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| author | Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa Melaku Sombo Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti Tajelser Idris Badri Adam Yang Liu Yazeed Abd Elraouf Reingard Grabherr Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli Francisco J. Berguido Angelika Loitsch Mesfin Sahle Giovanni Cattoli Adama Diallo Charles Euloge Lamien |
| author_facet | Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa Melaku Sombo Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti Tajelser Idris Badri Adam Yang Liu Yazeed Abd Elraouf Reingard Grabherr Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli Francisco J. Berguido Angelika Loitsch Mesfin Sahle Giovanni Cattoli Adama Diallo Charles Euloge Lamien |
| author_sort | Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lumpy skin disease (LSD), an economically significant disease in cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), is endemic to nearly all of Africa. Since 2012, LSDV has emerged as a significant epizootic pathogen given its rapid spread into new geographical locations outside Africa, including the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Asia. To assess the genetic diversity of LSDVs in East Africa, we sequenced and analyzed the RPO30 and GPCR genes of LSDV in twenty-two archive samples collected in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Sudan before the appearance of LSD in the Middle East and its incursion into Europe. We compared them to publicly available sequences of LSDVs from the same region and those collected elsewhere. The results showed that the East African field isolates in this study were remarkably similar to each other and to previously sequenced field isolates of LSDV for the RPO30 and GPCR genes. The only exception was LSDV Embu/B338/2011, a field virus collected in Kenya, which displayed mixed features between the LSDV Neethling vaccine and field isolates. LSDV Embu/B338/2011 had the same 12-nucleotide insertion found in LSDV Neethling and KS-1 vaccines. Further analysis of the partial EEV glycoprotein, B22R, RNA helicase, virion core protein, NTPase, and N1R/p28-like protein genes showed that LSDV Embu/B338/2011 differs from previously described LSDV variants carrying the 12-nucleotide insertion in the GPCR gene. These findings highlight the importance of the constant monitoring of genetic variation among LSDV isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:01:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b14b95bdfe5b459ca6fb2a92c85864b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:01:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b14b95bdfe5b459ca6fb2a92c85864b52023-11-21T21:27:28ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-05-0196114210.3390/microorganisms9061142Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field IsolatesTesfaye Rufael Chibssa0Melaku Sombo1Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti2Tajelser Idris Badri Adam3Yang Liu4Yazeed Abd Elraouf5Reingard Grabherr6Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli7Francisco J. Berguido8Angelika Loitsch9Mesfin Sahle10Giovanni Cattoli11Adama Diallo12Charles Euloge Lamien13Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaNational Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Centre (NAHDIC), Sebeta P.O. Box 04, EthiopiaDirectorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Private Bag, Nairobi 00625, KenyaCentral Veterinary Research Laboratories, Animal Resources Research Corporation, Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Ranges, Khartoum P.O. Box 8067, SudanAnimal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaCentral Veterinary Research Laboratories, Animal Resources Research Corporation, Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Ranges, Khartoum P.O. Box 8067, SudanInstitute of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, AustriaAnimal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaAnimal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaAustrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstrasse 191, A-1220 Vienna, AustriaNational Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Centre (NAHDIC), Sebeta P.O. Box 04, EthiopiaAnimal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaUMR CIRAD INRA, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (ASTRE), CEDEX 05, 34398 Montpellier, FranceAnimal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Friedenstrasse 1, A-2444 Seibersdorf, AustriaLumpy skin disease (LSD), an economically significant disease in cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), is endemic to nearly all of Africa. Since 2012, LSDV has emerged as a significant epizootic pathogen given its rapid spread into new geographical locations outside Africa, including the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Asia. To assess the genetic diversity of LSDVs in East Africa, we sequenced and analyzed the RPO30 and GPCR genes of LSDV in twenty-two archive samples collected in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Sudan before the appearance of LSD in the Middle East and its incursion into Europe. We compared them to publicly available sequences of LSDVs from the same region and those collected elsewhere. The results showed that the East African field isolates in this study were remarkably similar to each other and to previously sequenced field isolates of LSDV for the RPO30 and GPCR genes. The only exception was LSDV Embu/B338/2011, a field virus collected in Kenya, which displayed mixed features between the LSDV Neethling vaccine and field isolates. LSDV Embu/B338/2011 had the same 12-nucleotide insertion found in LSDV Neethling and KS-1 vaccines. Further analysis of the partial EEV glycoprotein, B22R, RNA helicase, virion core protein, NTPase, and N1R/p28-like protein genes showed that LSDV Embu/B338/2011 differs from previously described LSDV variants carrying the 12-nucleotide insertion in the GPCR gene. These findings highlight the importance of the constant monitoring of genetic variation among LSDV isolates.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/6/1142LSDVGPCR geneRPO30 geneEEV glycoproteinB22R gene |
| spellingShingle | Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa Melaku Sombo Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti Tajelser Idris Badri Adam Yang Liu Yazeed Abd Elraouf Reingard Grabherr Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli Francisco J. Berguido Angelika Loitsch Mesfin Sahle Giovanni Cattoli Adama Diallo Charles Euloge Lamien Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates Microorganisms LSDV GPCR gene RPO30 gene EEV glycoprotein B22R gene |
| title | Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates |
| title_full | Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates |
| title_short | Molecular Analysis of East African Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses Reveals a Mixed Isolate with Features of Both Vaccine and Field Isolates |
| title_sort | molecular analysis of east african lumpy skin disease viruses reveals a mixed isolate with features of both vaccine and field isolates |
| topic | LSDV GPCR gene RPO30 gene EEV glycoprotein B22R gene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/6/1142 |
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