Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model
Allergic airway inflammation (AAI) involves T helper cell type 2 (Th2) and pro-inflammatory responses to aeroallergens and many predisposing factors remain elusive. Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major human pathogen that causes acute respiratory infections and induces specific immune responses essent...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/1878 |
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| author | Qingyu Wu Ilka Jorde Olivia Kershaw Andreas Jeron Dunja Bruder Jens Schreiber Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski |
| author_facet | Qingyu Wu Ilka Jorde Olivia Kershaw Andreas Jeron Dunja Bruder Jens Schreiber Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski |
| author_sort | Qingyu Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Allergic airway inflammation (AAI) involves T helper cell type 2 (Th2) and pro-inflammatory responses to aeroallergens and many predisposing factors remain elusive. Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major human pathogen that causes acute respiratory infections and induces specific immune responses essential for viral clearance and resolution of the infection. Beyond acute infection, IAV has been shown to persistently affect lung homeostasis and respiratory immunity. Here we asked how resolved IAV infection affects subsequently induced AAI. Mice infected with a sublethal dose of IAV were sensitized and challenged in an ovalbumin mediated mouse model for AAI after resolution of the acute viral infection. Histological changes, respiratory leukocytes, cytokines and airway hyperreactivity were analyzed in resolved IAV infection alone and in AAI with and without previous IAV infection. More than five weeks after infection, we detected persistent pneumonia with increased activated CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> lymphocytes as well as dendritic cells and MHCII expressing macrophages in the lung. Resolved IAV infection significantly affected subsequently induced AAI on different levels including morphological changes, respiratory leukocytes and lymphocytes as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, which was clearly diminished. We conclude that IAV has exceptional persisting effects on respiratory immunity with substantial consequences for subsequently induced AAI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:31:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b14fe7af8eb44d4da58c0c3796cf7086 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:31:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b14fe7af8eb44d4da58c0c3796cf70862023-11-20T22:34:10ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-11-01812187810.3390/microorganisms8121878Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse ModelQingyu Wu0Ilka Jorde1Olivia Kershaw2Andreas Jeron3Dunja Bruder4Jens Schreiber5Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski6Experimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyExperimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInfection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyInfection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyExperimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyExperimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, GermanyAllergic airway inflammation (AAI) involves T helper cell type 2 (Th2) and pro-inflammatory responses to aeroallergens and many predisposing factors remain elusive. Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major human pathogen that causes acute respiratory infections and induces specific immune responses essential for viral clearance and resolution of the infection. Beyond acute infection, IAV has been shown to persistently affect lung homeostasis and respiratory immunity. Here we asked how resolved IAV infection affects subsequently induced AAI. Mice infected with a sublethal dose of IAV were sensitized and challenged in an ovalbumin mediated mouse model for AAI after resolution of the acute viral infection. Histological changes, respiratory leukocytes, cytokines and airway hyperreactivity were analyzed in resolved IAV infection alone and in AAI with and without previous IAV infection. More than five weeks after infection, we detected persistent pneumonia with increased activated CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> lymphocytes as well as dendritic cells and MHCII expressing macrophages in the lung. Resolved IAV infection significantly affected subsequently induced AAI on different levels including morphological changes, respiratory leukocytes and lymphocytes as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, which was clearly diminished. We conclude that IAV has exceptional persisting effects on respiratory immunity with substantial consequences for subsequently induced AAI.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/1878influenza A virusallergic asthmaallergic airway inflammationrespiratory immune regulationpro-inflammatory cytokinesmacrophages |
| spellingShingle | Qingyu Wu Ilka Jorde Olivia Kershaw Andreas Jeron Dunja Bruder Jens Schreiber Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model Microorganisms influenza A virus allergic asthma allergic airway inflammation respiratory immune regulation pro-inflammatory cytokines macrophages |
| title | Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model |
| title_full | Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model |
| title_fullStr | Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model |
| title_short | Resolved Influenza A Virus Infection Has Extended Effects on Lung Homeostasis and Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model |
| title_sort | resolved influenza a virus infection has extended effects on lung homeostasis and attenuates allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model |
| topic | influenza A virus allergic asthma allergic airway inflammation respiratory immune regulation pro-inflammatory cytokines macrophages |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/1878 |
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