| Summary: | Hung Tong Xuan, Trang Dinh Thi Thu, Dinh Ngo Van, Ly Nguyen Minh Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine – 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, VietnamCorrespondence: Ly Nguyen Minh No. 1 Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Ha Noi City, 100000, VietnamTel +84983496598Email nmly108@gmail.comBackground: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome is a complication of transurethral resection of the prostate procedure. The incidence of TURP syndrome ranges from 0.78% to 1.4%. This syndrome is caused by excessive absorption of electrolyte-free and hypotonic washing solution. The fluids absorb into the circulation, which leads to heart failure, hyponatremia, and a decrease in serum osmolality. Cerebral edema, coma, pulmonary edema, cardiovascular collapse, and even death are common complications.Case Presentation: We report a patient who suffered severe TURP syndrome after transurethral resection of the prostate procedure. Clinical manifestations were pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. The concentration of Na+ was 112.6 mmol/l, which was severe hyponatremia. The serum osmolality pressure was 234mOsmol/kg, pH was 7.23, pO2 was 45mmHg and pCO2 was 44mmHg. The patient had successfully recovered after being used CPAP-PSV Pro breathing through a mask with + 5cmH2O of PEEP, 8cmH2O of supporting pressure, 70− 100% of FiO2, 20mg furosemide of intravenously, 150 mL of 3% NaCl, and 100mL natribicarbonate 8.4%.Conclusion: TURP syndrome is a life-threatening complication of transurethral resection of the prostate procedure, which is caused by excessive absorption of electrolyte-free and hypotonic washing solution. Therefore, the patient should be monitored seriously, diagnosed early, and treated promptly.Keywords: transurethral resection of the prostate syndrome, prostate tumours, pulmonary edema
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