The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile
CeO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> is an important mixed oxide due to its catalytic properties, particularly in heterogeneous photocatalysis. This study presents a straightforward method to obtain 1D TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures decorated with CeO<sub>2</s...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/15/5838 |
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| author | Polona Umek Michael Dürrschnabel Leopoldo Molina-Luna Srečo Škapin Romana Cerc Korošec Carla Bittencourt |
| author_facet | Polona Umek Michael Dürrschnabel Leopoldo Molina-Luna Srečo Škapin Romana Cerc Korošec Carla Bittencourt |
| author_sort | Polona Umek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | CeO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> is an important mixed oxide due to its catalytic properties, particularly in heterogeneous photocatalysis. This study presents a straightforward method to obtain 1D TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures decorated with CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles at the surface. As the precursor, we used H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanoribbons prepared from sodium titanate nanoribbons by ion exchange. Two cerium sources with an oxidation state of +3 and +4 were used to obtain mixed oxides. HAADF–STEM mapping of the Ce<sup>4+</sup>-modified nanoribbons revealed a thin continuous layer at the surface of the H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanoribbons, while Ce<sup>3+</sup> cerium ions intercalated partially between the titanate layers. The phase composition and morphology changes were monitored during calcination between 620 °C and 960 °C. Thermal treatment led to the formation of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the surface of the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoribbons, whose size increased with the calcination temperature. The use of Ce<sup>4+</sup> raised the temperature required for converting H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B by approximately 200 °C, and the temperature for the formation of anatase. For the Ce<sup>3+</sup> batch, the presence of cerium inhibited the conversion to rutile. Analysis of cerium oxidation states revealed the existence of both +4 and +3 in all calcined samples, regardless of the initial cerium oxidation state. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:20:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b160fb0b5afe4b3593f01aaedf90ceb42023-11-18T23:19:32ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-08-012815583810.3390/molecules28155838The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to RutilePolona Umek0Michael Dürrschnabel1Leopoldo Molina-Luna2Srečo Škapin3Romana Cerc Korošec4Carla Bittencourt5Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaKarlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 6980, 706049 Karlsruhe, GermanyDepartment of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 2, 64287 Darmstadt, GermanyJožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaChimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, BelgiumCeO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> is an important mixed oxide due to its catalytic properties, particularly in heterogeneous photocatalysis. This study presents a straightforward method to obtain 1D TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures decorated with CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles at the surface. As the precursor, we used H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanoribbons prepared from sodium titanate nanoribbons by ion exchange. Two cerium sources with an oxidation state of +3 and +4 were used to obtain mixed oxides. HAADF–STEM mapping of the Ce<sup>4+</sup>-modified nanoribbons revealed a thin continuous layer at the surface of the H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanoribbons, while Ce<sup>3+</sup> cerium ions intercalated partially between the titanate layers. The phase composition and morphology changes were monitored during calcination between 620 °C and 960 °C. Thermal treatment led to the formation of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the surface of the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoribbons, whose size increased with the calcination temperature. The use of Ce<sup>4+</sup> raised the temperature required for converting H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B by approximately 200 °C, and the temperature for the formation of anatase. For the Ce<sup>3+</sup> batch, the presence of cerium inhibited the conversion to rutile. Analysis of cerium oxidation states revealed the existence of both +4 and +3 in all calcined samples, regardless of the initial cerium oxidation state.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/15/5838TiO<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>2</sub>-BanataseCeO<sub>2</sub>impregnationion exchange |
| spellingShingle | Polona Umek Michael Dürrschnabel Leopoldo Molina-Luna Srečo Škapin Romana Cerc Korošec Carla Bittencourt The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile Molecules TiO<sub>2</sub> TiO<sub>2</sub>-B anatase CeO<sub>2</sub> impregnation ion exchange |
| title | The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile |
| title_full | The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile |
| title_short | The Role of Cerium Valence in the Conversion Temperature of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Nanoribbons to TiO<sub>2</sub>-B and Anatase Nanoribbons, and Further to Rutile |
| title_sort | role of cerium valence in the conversion temperature of h sub 2 sub ti sub 3 sub o sub 7 sub nanoribbons to tio sub 2 sub b and anatase nanoribbons and further to rutile |
| topic | TiO<sub>2</sub> TiO<sub>2</sub>-B anatase CeO<sub>2</sub> impregnation ion exchange |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/15/5838 |
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