Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis
The biology of brain microvascular pericytes is an active area of research and discovery, as their interaction with the endothelium is critical for multiple aspects of cerebrovascular function. There is growing evidence that pericyte loss or dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00210/full |
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| author | Andrée-Anne Berthiaume David A. Hartmann Mark W. Majesky Mark W. Majesky Narayan R. Bhat Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih |
| author_facet | Andrée-Anne Berthiaume David A. Hartmann Mark W. Majesky Mark W. Majesky Narayan R. Bhat Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih |
| author_sort | Andrée-Anne Berthiaume |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biology of brain microvascular pericytes is an active area of research and discovery, as their interaction with the endothelium is critical for multiple aspects of cerebrovascular function. There is growing evidence that pericyte loss or dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, ischemic stroke and brain injury. However, strategies to mitigate or compensate for this loss remain limited. In this review, we highlight a novel finding that pericytes in the adult brain are structurally dynamic in vivo, and actively compensate for loss of endothelial coverage by extending their far-reaching processes to maintain contact with regions of exposed endothelium. Structural remodeling of pericytes may present an opportunity to foster pericyte-endothelial communication in the adult brain and should be explored as a potential means to counteract pericyte loss in dementia and cerebrovascular disease. We discuss the pathophysiological consequences of pericyte loss on capillary function, and the biochemical pathways that may control pericyte remodeling. We also offer guidance for observing pericytes in vivo, such that pericyte structural remodeling can be more broadly studied in mouse models of cerebrovascular disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:54:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b171019522f946e0ab68ba37cb0cede3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:54:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-b171019522f946e0ab68ba37cb0cede32022-12-22T02:11:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652018-07-011010.3389/fnagi.2018.00210386442Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and HomeostasisAndrée-Anne Berthiaume0David A. Hartmann1Mark W. Majesky2Mark W. Majesky3Narayan R. Bhat4Andy Y. Shih5Andy Y. Shih6Andy Y. Shih7Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesCenter for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United StatesDepartments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesCenter for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United StatesCenter for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesThe biology of brain microvascular pericytes is an active area of research and discovery, as their interaction with the endothelium is critical for multiple aspects of cerebrovascular function. There is growing evidence that pericyte loss or dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, ischemic stroke and brain injury. However, strategies to mitigate or compensate for this loss remain limited. In this review, we highlight a novel finding that pericytes in the adult brain are structurally dynamic in vivo, and actively compensate for loss of endothelial coverage by extending their far-reaching processes to maintain contact with regions of exposed endothelium. Structural remodeling of pericytes may present an opportunity to foster pericyte-endothelial communication in the adult brain and should be explored as a potential means to counteract pericyte loss in dementia and cerebrovascular disease. We discuss the pathophysiological consequences of pericyte loss on capillary function, and the biochemical pathways that may control pericyte remodeling. We also offer guidance for observing pericytes in vivo, such that pericyte structural remodeling can be more broadly studied in mouse models of cerebrovascular disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00210/fullpericytetwo-photon imagingcapillary blood flowblood-brain barrierAlzheimer’s diseasemural cell |
| spellingShingle | Andrée-Anne Berthiaume David A. Hartmann Mark W. Majesky Mark W. Majesky Narayan R. Bhat Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih Andy Y. Shih Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience pericyte two-photon imaging capillary blood flow blood-brain barrier Alzheimer’s disease mural cell |
| title | Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis |
| title_full | Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis |
| title_fullStr | Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis |
| title_short | Pericyte Structural Remodeling in Cerebrovascular Health and Homeostasis |
| title_sort | pericyte structural remodeling in cerebrovascular health and homeostasis |
| topic | pericyte two-photon imaging capillary blood flow blood-brain barrier Alzheimer’s disease mural cell |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00210/full |
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