Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art
The current era is notably characterized by the major advances in communication technologies. The increased connectivity has been transformative in terrestrial, space, and undersea applications. Nonetheless, the water medium imposes unique constraints on the signals that can be pursued for establish...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4224 |
| _version_ | 1797491636135002112 |
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| author | Muntasir Mahmud Md Shafiqul Islam Akram Ahmed Mohamed Younis Fow-Sen Choa |
| author_facet | Muntasir Mahmud Md Shafiqul Islam Akram Ahmed Mohamed Younis Fow-Sen Choa |
| author_sort | Muntasir Mahmud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current era is notably characterized by the major advances in communication technologies. The increased connectivity has been transformative in terrestrial, space, and undersea applications. Nonetheless, the water medium imposes unique constraints on the signals that can be pursued for establishing wireless links. While numerous studies have been dedicated to tackling the challenges for underwater communication, little attention has been paid to effectively interfacing the underwater networks to remote entities. Particularly it has been conventionally assumed that a surface node will be deployed to act as a relay using acoustic links for underwater nodes and radio links for air-based communication. Yet, such an assumption could be, in fact, a hindrance in practice. The paper discusses alternative means by allowing communication across the air–water interface. Specifically, the optoacoustic effect, also referred to as photoacoustic effect, is being exploited as a means for achieving connectivity between underwater and airborne nodes. The paper provides background, discusses technical challenges, and summarizes progress. Open research problems are also highlighted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:52:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1743a9870194493a716795a6a3132b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:52:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1743a9870194493a716795a6a3132b72023-11-23T14:50:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-06-012211422410.3390/s22114224Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the ArtMuntasir Mahmud0Md Shafiqul Islam1Akram Ahmed2Mohamed Younis3Fow-Sen Choa4Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USADepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USADepartment of Computer Engineering and Center for Communication Systems and Sensing, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Al Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USADepartment of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USAThe current era is notably characterized by the major advances in communication technologies. The increased connectivity has been transformative in terrestrial, space, and undersea applications. Nonetheless, the water medium imposes unique constraints on the signals that can be pursued for establishing wireless links. While numerous studies have been dedicated to tackling the challenges for underwater communication, little attention has been paid to effectively interfacing the underwater networks to remote entities. Particularly it has been conventionally assumed that a surface node will be deployed to act as a relay using acoustic links for underwater nodes and radio links for air-based communication. Yet, such an assumption could be, in fact, a hindrance in practice. The paper discusses alternative means by allowing communication across the air–water interface. Specifically, the optoacoustic effect, also referred to as photoacoustic effect, is being exploited as a means for achieving connectivity between underwater and airborne nodes. The paper provides background, discusses technical challenges, and summarizes progress. Open research problems are also highlighted.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4224photoacousticoptoacousticair-to-underwater communicationcross-medium communicationunderwater communication |
| spellingShingle | Muntasir Mahmud Md Shafiqul Islam Akram Ahmed Mohamed Younis Fow-Sen Choa Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art Sensors photoacoustic optoacoustic air-to-underwater communication cross-medium communication underwater communication |
| title | Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art |
| title_full | Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art |
| title_fullStr | Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art |
| title_short | Cross-Medium Photoacoustic Communications: Challenges, and State of the Art |
| title_sort | cross medium photoacoustic communications challenges and state of the art |
| topic | photoacoustic optoacoustic air-to-underwater communication cross-medium communication underwater communication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4224 |
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