Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture
Therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called as phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms including cultured fish. Their natural immunogenicity often induces the modulation of a variated collection of immune res...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/19/10436 |
| _version_ | 1797516359962198016 |
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| author | José Ramos-Vivas Joshua Superio Jorge Galindo-Villegas Félix Acosta |
| author_facet | José Ramos-Vivas Joshua Superio Jorge Galindo-Villegas Félix Acosta |
| author_sort | José Ramos-Vivas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called as phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms including cultured fish. Their natural immunogenicity often induces the modulation of a variated collection of immune responses within several types of immunocytes while promoting specific mechanisms of bacterial clearance. However, to achieve standardized treatments at the practical level and avoid possible side effects in cultivated fish, several improvements in the understanding of their biology and the associated genomes are required. Interestingly, a particular feature with therapeutic potential among all phages is the production of lytic enzymes. The use of such enzymes against human and livestock pathogens has already provided in vitro and in vivo promissory results. So far, the best-understood phages utilized to fight against either Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacterial species in fish culture are mainly restricted to the <i>Myoviridae</i> and <i>Podoviridae</i>, and the <i>Siphoviridae</i>, respectively. However, the current functional use of phages against bacterial pathogens of cultured fish is still in its infancy. Based on the available data, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge about phage, identify gaps, and provide insights into the possible bacterial control strategies they might represent for managing aquaculture-related bacterial diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b175c7c980b04ecf8327949dfdc847b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b175c7c980b04ecf8327949dfdc847b02023-11-22T16:09:36ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-09-0122191043610.3390/ijms221910436Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in AquacultureJosé Ramos-Vivas0Joshua Superio1Jorge Galindo-Villegas2Félix Acosta3Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, NorwayFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, NorwayGrupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainTherapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called as phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms including cultured fish. Their natural immunogenicity often induces the modulation of a variated collection of immune responses within several types of immunocytes while promoting specific mechanisms of bacterial clearance. However, to achieve standardized treatments at the practical level and avoid possible side effects in cultivated fish, several improvements in the understanding of their biology and the associated genomes are required. Interestingly, a particular feature with therapeutic potential among all phages is the production of lytic enzymes. The use of such enzymes against human and livestock pathogens has already provided in vitro and in vivo promissory results. So far, the best-understood phages utilized to fight against either Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacterial species in fish culture are mainly restricted to the <i>Myoviridae</i> and <i>Podoviridae</i>, and the <i>Siphoviridae</i>, respectively. However, the current functional use of phages against bacterial pathogens of cultured fish is still in its infancy. Based on the available data, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge about phage, identify gaps, and provide insights into the possible bacterial control strategies they might represent for managing aquaculture-related bacterial diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/19/10436aquaculturebacteriophagesdisease managementfishimmunologylytic enzymes |
| spellingShingle | José Ramos-Vivas Joshua Superio Jorge Galindo-Villegas Félix Acosta Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture International Journal of Molecular Sciences aquaculture bacteriophages disease management fish immunology lytic enzymes |
| title | Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture |
| title_full | Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture |
| title_fullStr | Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture |
| title_short | Phage Therapy as a Focused Management Strategy in Aquaculture |
| title_sort | phage therapy as a focused management strategy in aquaculture |
| topic | aquaculture bacteriophages disease management fish immunology lytic enzymes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/19/10436 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joseramosvivas phagetherapyasafocusedmanagementstrategyinaquaculture AT joshuasuperio phagetherapyasafocusedmanagementstrategyinaquaculture AT jorgegalindovillegas phagetherapyasafocusedmanagementstrategyinaquaculture AT felixacosta phagetherapyasafocusedmanagementstrategyinaquaculture |