Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review
Abstract Background Cachexia, a complex multi‐organ syndrome, shortens survival time of patients, particularly those with cancer. Many studies and clinical trials have been carried out to identify cachexia‐inducing factors and potential treatments for cancer cachexia over the last 20 years. Of these...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-07-01
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| Series: | JCSM Rapid Communications |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/rco2.30 |
| _version_ | 1818624369975361536 |
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| author | Zhipeng Cao Andrew M. Scott Nick J. Hoogenraad Laura D. Osellame |
| author_facet | Zhipeng Cao Andrew M. Scott Nick J. Hoogenraad Laura D. Osellame |
| author_sort | Zhipeng Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cachexia, a complex multi‐organ syndrome, shortens survival time of patients, particularly those with cancer. Many studies and clinical trials have been carried out to identify cachexia‐inducing factors and potential treatments for cancer cachexia over the last 20 years. Of these factors, some are promising targets for treatment in humans, owing to their expression profiles in patients. Several clinical interventions, which act on either cachexia‐inducing factors or tissues affected by cachexia, have been developed. Some have had positive effects in the treatment of cancer cachexia; however, the question remains whether these interventions reverse cancer cachexia and could be used as standard interventions for disease treatment. The aim of this review is to understand the basic mechanisms and factors that induce cancer cachexia and their efficacies in clinical trials, providing a better outlook for future studies of cancer cachexia. Methods A systematic search was performed using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for cachexia mediators and clinical trials. Results Of all databases and peer‐reviewed facts considered, 256 papers and 35 clinical trials were included in this systematic review. Twenty‐one mediators were identified, and 17 clinical interventions were reported in these studies. Outcomes of these clinical trials were assessed on changes in overall survival, body weight, lean body mass, appetite, muscle strength, muscle function, quality of life, and cytokine levels. Conclusions There is no current standard or successful intervention for treating cancer cachexia. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of initiators of cachexia to achieve successful outcomes in cachexia clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:55:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b17d3dc37e314f74af2a1fe9b9127dc1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2617-1619 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:55:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCSM Rapid Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-b17d3dc37e314f74af2a1fe9b9127dc12022-12-21T22:20:31ZengWileyJCSM Rapid Communications2617-16192021-07-014216618610.1002/rco2.30Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic reviewZhipeng Cao0Andrew M. Scott1Nick J. Hoogenraad2Laura D. Osellame3Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria AustraliaOlivia Newton‐John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria AustraliaAbstract Background Cachexia, a complex multi‐organ syndrome, shortens survival time of patients, particularly those with cancer. Many studies and clinical trials have been carried out to identify cachexia‐inducing factors and potential treatments for cancer cachexia over the last 20 years. Of these factors, some are promising targets for treatment in humans, owing to their expression profiles in patients. Several clinical interventions, which act on either cachexia‐inducing factors or tissues affected by cachexia, have been developed. Some have had positive effects in the treatment of cancer cachexia; however, the question remains whether these interventions reverse cancer cachexia and could be used as standard interventions for disease treatment. The aim of this review is to understand the basic mechanisms and factors that induce cancer cachexia and their efficacies in clinical trials, providing a better outlook for future studies of cancer cachexia. Methods A systematic search was performed using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for cachexia mediators and clinical trials. Results Of all databases and peer‐reviewed facts considered, 256 papers and 35 clinical trials were included in this systematic review. Twenty‐one mediators were identified, and 17 clinical interventions were reported in these studies. Outcomes of these clinical trials were assessed on changes in overall survival, body weight, lean body mass, appetite, muscle strength, muscle function, quality of life, and cytokine levels. Conclusions There is no current standard or successful intervention for treating cancer cachexia. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of initiators of cachexia to achieve successful outcomes in cachexia clinical trials.https://doi.org/10.1002/rco2.30Cancer cachexiaCachectic factorsTumourClinical translation |
| spellingShingle | Zhipeng Cao Andrew M. Scott Nick J. Hoogenraad Laura D. Osellame Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review JCSM Rapid Communications Cancer cachexia Cachectic factors Tumour Clinical translation |
| title | Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review |
| title_full | Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review |
| title_short | Mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia: a systematic review |
| title_sort | mediators and clinical treatment for cancer cachexia a systematic review |
| topic | Cancer cachexia Cachectic factors Tumour Clinical translation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/rco2.30 |
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