Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Hilina Mollalign,1,2 Dawit Chala,1 Dereje Beyene2 1TB/HIV Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Microbial, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Hilina Mollalign, Email tersit21@gmail.comBackgroun...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/clinical-features-and-treatment-outcome-of-coronavirus-and-tuberculosi-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
| _version_ | 1811312505778077696 |
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| author | Mollalign H Chala D Beyene D |
| author_facet | Mollalign H Chala D Beyene D |
| author_sort | Mollalign H |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hilina Mollalign,1,2 Dawit Chala,1 Dereje Beyene2 1TB/HIV Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Microbial, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Hilina Mollalign, Email tersit21@gmail.comBackground: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are among the top ongoing health crises globally. Both cause respiratory diseases, and the clinical presentations are similar. There is no summarized information about cases of COVID-19 patients with concomitant TB infection from different settings. Therefore this review aimed to summerize the clinical features and treatment outcomes of coronavirus and tuberculosis co-infected patients.Methods: An electronic search of case reports published between 2020 and 2021 was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. From eligible reports, data were collected for the selected variables. We analyzed the collected information using SPSS version 27 software. Descriptive statistics were computed for the selected variables.Results: A total of 83 patient histories were collected from 47 case reports. The majority (80%) of the cases were reported for male patients. The mean age was 42.6 years (3 months to 84 years, SD=17.3). Fever was reported in 80% of cases, followed by cough (73.3%) and hypotension (37.1%). Blood cell parameters revealed lymphopenia (52%), lower hemoglobin (30%), elevated CRP (70%), elevated ferritin (28%), and increased D-dimer (23.4%). Treatment outcome is significantly associated with blood cell count results (p-0.044) and a rise in blood inflammatory cytokines(p-0.041). The mean days for viral clearance or negative PCR was 23 days (Range 5– 82 days) and the overall mean duration of hospitalization was 27 days. The total death rate was 22.4%. Recovery was reported for 76.6% of cases. Survival status (p-0.613) and disease severity (p-0.68) are not significantly associated with the gender of the participants.Conclusion: An alteration in blood cell parameters is associated with an unfavorable treatment outcome. There is a higher death rate in COVID-19/TB co-infection. The death is associated with older age, smoking or smoking history, drug abuse, and co-morbidity of non-communicable diseases. Conversely, there is a lower death rate in HIV patients.Keywords: coronavirus, SARSCOV-2, COVID-19, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis, TB, co-infection |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:38:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b186320155ce40aa9d5408c40e4ff767 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:38:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-b186320155ce40aa9d5408c40e4ff7672022-12-22T02:50:00ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732022-07-01Volume 154037404676840Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case ReportsMollalign HChala DBeyene DHilina Mollalign,1,2 Dawit Chala,1 Dereje Beyene2 1TB/HIV Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Microbial, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Hilina Mollalign, Email tersit21@gmail.comBackground: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are among the top ongoing health crises globally. Both cause respiratory diseases, and the clinical presentations are similar. There is no summarized information about cases of COVID-19 patients with concomitant TB infection from different settings. Therefore this review aimed to summerize the clinical features and treatment outcomes of coronavirus and tuberculosis co-infected patients.Methods: An electronic search of case reports published between 2020 and 2021 was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. From eligible reports, data were collected for the selected variables. We analyzed the collected information using SPSS version 27 software. Descriptive statistics were computed for the selected variables.Results: A total of 83 patient histories were collected from 47 case reports. The majority (80%) of the cases were reported for male patients. The mean age was 42.6 years (3 months to 84 years, SD=17.3). Fever was reported in 80% of cases, followed by cough (73.3%) and hypotension (37.1%). Blood cell parameters revealed lymphopenia (52%), lower hemoglobin (30%), elevated CRP (70%), elevated ferritin (28%), and increased D-dimer (23.4%). Treatment outcome is significantly associated with blood cell count results (p-0.044) and a rise in blood inflammatory cytokines(p-0.041). The mean days for viral clearance or negative PCR was 23 days (Range 5– 82 days) and the overall mean duration of hospitalization was 27 days. The total death rate was 22.4%. Recovery was reported for 76.6% of cases. Survival status (p-0.613) and disease severity (p-0.68) are not significantly associated with the gender of the participants.Conclusion: An alteration in blood cell parameters is associated with an unfavorable treatment outcome. There is a higher death rate in COVID-19/TB co-infection. The death is associated with older age, smoking or smoking history, drug abuse, and co-morbidity of non-communicable diseases. Conversely, there is a lower death rate in HIV patients.Keywords: coronavirus, SARSCOV-2, COVID-19, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis, TB, co-infectionhttps://www.dovepress.com/clinical-features-and-treatment-outcome-of-coronavirus-and-tuberculosi-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR“coronavirus”“sarscov-2”“covid-19”“mycobacterium tuberculosis”“tuberculosis”“tb”“co-infection. |
| spellingShingle | Mollalign H Chala D Beyene D Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports Infection and Drug Resistance “coronavirus” “sarscov-2” “covid-19” “mycobacterium tuberculosis” “tuberculosis” “tb” “co-infection. |
| title | Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
| title_full | Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
| title_short | Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Coronavirus and Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
| title_sort | clinical features and treatment outcome of coronavirus and tuberculosis co infected patients a systematic review of case reports |
| topic | “coronavirus” “sarscov-2” “covid-19” “mycobacterium tuberculosis” “tuberculosis” “tb” “co-infection. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/clinical-features-and-treatment-outcome-of-coronavirus-and-tuberculosi-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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