Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens
Growing potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) using the idle rice fields in Southern China and the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India in the winter season through the rice–potato rotation (RC) system could support future food security. However, the modulation capacity of the RC system on soilbo...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2143 |
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| author | Yuanping Zhou Wenjiao Luo Maoxing Li Qiong Wang Yongxin Liu Huachun Guo |
| author_facet | Yuanping Zhou Wenjiao Luo Maoxing Li Qiong Wang Yongxin Liu Huachun Guo |
| author_sort | Yuanping Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Growing potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) using the idle rice fields in Southern China and the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India in the winter season through the rice–potato rotation (RC) system could support future food security. However, the modulation capacity of the RC system on soilborne fungal pathogens is still unclear. In the current study, a pot experiment was designed and conducted to monitor the dynamics of soil fungal community composition between the potato monoculture (CC) system and the RC system, where the two systems were set with the same soil conditions: autoclaving with fertilization; autoclaving without fertilization; autoclave-free with fertilization; and autoclave-free without fertilization. Then, the uncultivated soil (CK) and root-zone soil samples of conditions under the two systems were collected, and then soil physiochemical properties and enzymatic activities were determined. Next, the high-variable region (V5–V7) of fungal 18S rRNA genes of the samples were amplified and sequenced through the PCR technique and the Illumina Miseq platform, respectively. Finally, the fungal species diversity and composition, as well as the relative abundance of fungal pathogens annotated against the Fungiuld database in soil samples, were also investigated. The results showed that the RC could significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase soil fungal species diversity and decrease the relative abundance of soil fungal pathogens, where the RC could suppress 23 soil fungal pathogens through cultivating the rice during the summer season and 93.75% of the remaining pathogens through winter-season cultivation. Seven-eighths of the conditions under RC have lower pathogenic MGIDI indices (6.38 to 7.82) than those of the CC (7.62 to 9.63). Notably, both rice cultivation and winter planting reduced the abundance of the pathogenic strain ASV24 under the <i>Colletotrichum</i> genus. The bipartite fungal network between the pathogens and the non-pathogens showed that the pathogenic members could be restricted through co-occurring with the non-pathogenic species and planting crops in the winter season. Finally, the redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that soil pH, electronic conductivity, available phosphorus content, and various enzyme activities (cellulase, urease, sucrase, acid phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase) could be the indicators of soil fungal pathogens. This experiment demonstrated that the rice–potato rotation system outperformed the potato monoculture on suppressing soilborne fungal pathogenic community. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b1a7e5dcc9204953a563d75366ac247a2023-11-18T23:55:36ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01138214310.3390/agronomy13082143Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal PathogensYuanping Zhou0Wenjiao Luo1Maoxing Li2Qiong Wang3Yongxin Liu4Huachun Guo5College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaYunnan Engineering Research Center of Tuber and Root Crop Bio-Breeding and Healthy Seed Propagation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaShenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, ChinaGrowing potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) using the idle rice fields in Southern China and the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India in the winter season through the rice–potato rotation (RC) system could support future food security. However, the modulation capacity of the RC system on soilborne fungal pathogens is still unclear. In the current study, a pot experiment was designed and conducted to monitor the dynamics of soil fungal community composition between the potato monoculture (CC) system and the RC system, where the two systems were set with the same soil conditions: autoclaving with fertilization; autoclaving without fertilization; autoclave-free with fertilization; and autoclave-free without fertilization. Then, the uncultivated soil (CK) and root-zone soil samples of conditions under the two systems were collected, and then soil physiochemical properties and enzymatic activities were determined. Next, the high-variable region (V5–V7) of fungal 18S rRNA genes of the samples were amplified and sequenced through the PCR technique and the Illumina Miseq platform, respectively. Finally, the fungal species diversity and composition, as well as the relative abundance of fungal pathogens annotated against the Fungiuld database in soil samples, were also investigated. The results showed that the RC could significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase soil fungal species diversity and decrease the relative abundance of soil fungal pathogens, where the RC could suppress 23 soil fungal pathogens through cultivating the rice during the summer season and 93.75% of the remaining pathogens through winter-season cultivation. Seven-eighths of the conditions under RC have lower pathogenic MGIDI indices (6.38 to 7.82) than those of the CC (7.62 to 9.63). Notably, both rice cultivation and winter planting reduced the abundance of the pathogenic strain ASV24 under the <i>Colletotrichum</i> genus. The bipartite fungal network between the pathogens and the non-pathogens showed that the pathogenic members could be restricted through co-occurring with the non-pathogenic species and planting crops in the winter season. Finally, the redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that soil pH, electronic conductivity, available phosphorus content, and various enzyme activities (cellulase, urease, sucrase, acid phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase) could be the indicators of soil fungal pathogens. This experiment demonstrated that the rice–potato rotation system outperformed the potato monoculture on suppressing soilborne fungal pathogenic community.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2143crop rotationsoil fungal communitydiversity analysisfungal pathogensbipartite co-occurrence networkssoil physiochemical properties |
| spellingShingle | Yuanping Zhou Wenjiao Luo Maoxing Li Qiong Wang Yongxin Liu Huachun Guo Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens Agronomy crop rotation soil fungal community diversity analysis fungal pathogens bipartite co-occurrence networks soil physiochemical properties |
| title | Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens |
| title_full | Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens |
| title_short | Summer Rice–Winter Potato Rotation Suppresses Various Soil-Borne Plant Fungal Pathogens |
| title_sort | summer rice winter potato rotation suppresses various soil borne plant fungal pathogens |
| topic | crop rotation soil fungal community diversity analysis fungal pathogens bipartite co-occurrence networks soil physiochemical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2143 |
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