Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke
The adverse health effects of both active and passive tobacco smoke have been well-known in humans for a long time. It is presumable that even pets, which intimately share the owner’s lifestyle, may be exposed to the same risks. This study aimed to detect and quantify cotinine (a metabolite of nicot...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/693 |
| _version_ | 1797622862203322368 |
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| author | Debora Groppetti Giulia Pizzi Alessandro Pecile Valerio Bronzo Silvia Michela Mazzola |
| author_facet | Debora Groppetti Giulia Pizzi Alessandro Pecile Valerio Bronzo Silvia Michela Mazzola |
| author_sort | Debora Groppetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The adverse health effects of both active and passive tobacco smoke have been well-known in humans for a long time. It is presumable that even pets, which intimately share the owner’s lifestyle, may be exposed to the same risks. This study aimed to detect and quantify cotinine (a metabolite of nicotine) in the serum and hair of dogs using a specific commercial ELISA immunoassay kit. A total of 32 dogs, 16 exposed and 16 unexposed to the owner’s smoke, were enrolled. The cotinine concentration was higher in the exposed than the unexposed group in both matrices (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with greater values in serum than in hair (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Exposed bitches had higher hair cotinine than male dogs (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conversely, serum and fur cotinine concentrations were lower in female than male dogs of the unexposed group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The exposure intensity, age, and weight of the dogs did not affect cotinine concentrations. A cut-off value of 2.78 ng/mL and 1.13 ng/mL cotinine concentration in serum and fur, respectively, was estimated to distinguish between the exposed and unexposed dogs. Cotinine was confirmed as a valuable marker of passive smoking also in dogs. Although owners do not perceive secondhand smoke as a risk for their dogs, greater awareness should be advisable, especially in pregnant animals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:16:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1ac9dc480bc4421b6eb905249ef432b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:16:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1ac9dc480bc4421b6eb905249ef432b2023-11-16T18:40:14ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-02-0113469310.3390/ani13040693Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco SmokeDebora Groppetti0Giulia Pizzi1Alessandro Pecile2Valerio Bronzo3Silvia Michela Mazzola4Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyThe adverse health effects of both active and passive tobacco smoke have been well-known in humans for a long time. It is presumable that even pets, which intimately share the owner’s lifestyle, may be exposed to the same risks. This study aimed to detect and quantify cotinine (a metabolite of nicotine) in the serum and hair of dogs using a specific commercial ELISA immunoassay kit. A total of 32 dogs, 16 exposed and 16 unexposed to the owner’s smoke, were enrolled. The cotinine concentration was higher in the exposed than the unexposed group in both matrices (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with greater values in serum than in hair (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Exposed bitches had higher hair cotinine than male dogs (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conversely, serum and fur cotinine concentrations were lower in female than male dogs of the unexposed group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The exposure intensity, age, and weight of the dogs did not affect cotinine concentrations. A cut-off value of 2.78 ng/mL and 1.13 ng/mL cotinine concentration in serum and fur, respectively, was estimated to distinguish between the exposed and unexposed dogs. Cotinine was confirmed as a valuable marker of passive smoking also in dogs. Although owners do not perceive secondhand smoke as a risk for their dogs, greater awareness should be advisable, especially in pregnant animals.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/693cotininedoghairserumsmoketobacco |
| spellingShingle | Debora Groppetti Giulia Pizzi Alessandro Pecile Valerio Bronzo Silvia Michela Mazzola Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Animals cotinine dog hair serum smoke tobacco |
| title | Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke |
| title_full | Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke |
| title_fullStr | Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke |
| title_short | Cotinine as a Sentinel of Canine Exposure to Tobacco Smoke |
| title_sort | cotinine as a sentinel of canine exposure to tobacco smoke |
| topic | cotinine dog hair serum smoke tobacco |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/693 |
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