Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common side effect associated with general anesthesia. Both ondansetron and aprepitant been effectively used to prevent PONV. However, there is a disagreement of opinions regarding the superiority of these two drugs. This study aims t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Anesthesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02371-y |
| _version_ | 1797388150877716480 |
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| author | Mostafa Alam Alireza Shakeri Ardeshir Khorsand Karim Nasseri Sadaf Nasseri |
| author_facet | Mostafa Alam Alireza Shakeri Ardeshir Khorsand Karim Nasseri Sadaf Nasseri |
| author_sort | Mostafa Alam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common side effect associated with general anesthesia. Both ondansetron and aprepitant been effectively used to prevent PONV. However, there is a disagreement of opinions regarding the superiority of these two drugs. This study aims to compare the efficacy of aprepitant with ondansetron in preventing PONV following orthognathic surgeries. Methods In this double-blinded clinical trial, 80 patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery at Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were randomly assigned to two groups. A standardized anesthesia protocol was used for all patients. The first group received a placebo capsule administered one hour before the surgical procedure along with 4 mg (2 ml) of ondansetron intravenously after anesthesia induction. The second group was given 80 mg aprepitant capsules one hour before the surgery, followed by an injection of 2 ml intravenous distilled water after anesthesia induction. The occurrence and severity of PONV, the amount of rescue medication required, and the complete response of patients assessed within 24 h after the surgery. Results There were no significant differences in demographic data between the two groups. Patients in the aprepitant group had a significantly lower incidence and severity of nausea (2.5% versus 27.5%), vomiting (5% versus 25%), and required fewer rescue medications (7.5% versus 62.5%) compared to the ondansetron group. Additionally, the aprepitant group showed a higher complete response rate (90% versus 67.5%) in the 0-2 and 12-24 postoperative hours. Conclusion According to the findings of this study, aprepitant has demonstrated a greater efficacy in preventing PONV following orthognathic surgery, when compared to ondansetron. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT code: IRCT20211205053279N3), date of registration: 16/12/2022. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:35:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1afa8fb05234579aa5d53ff0076407b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2253 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:35:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Anesthesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1afa8fb05234579aa5d53ff0076407b2023-12-17T12:28:07ZengBMCBMC Anesthesiology1471-22532023-12-012311810.1186/s12871-023-02371-yAssessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trialMostafa Alam0Alireza Shakeri1Ardeshir Khorsand2Karim Nasseri3Sadaf Nasseri4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesResearch Institute of Dental Sciences-Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common side effect associated with general anesthesia. Both ondansetron and aprepitant been effectively used to prevent PONV. However, there is a disagreement of opinions regarding the superiority of these two drugs. This study aims to compare the efficacy of aprepitant with ondansetron in preventing PONV following orthognathic surgeries. Methods In this double-blinded clinical trial, 80 patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery at Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were randomly assigned to two groups. A standardized anesthesia protocol was used for all patients. The first group received a placebo capsule administered one hour before the surgical procedure along with 4 mg (2 ml) of ondansetron intravenously after anesthesia induction. The second group was given 80 mg aprepitant capsules one hour before the surgery, followed by an injection of 2 ml intravenous distilled water after anesthesia induction. The occurrence and severity of PONV, the amount of rescue medication required, and the complete response of patients assessed within 24 h after the surgery. Results There were no significant differences in demographic data between the two groups. Patients in the aprepitant group had a significantly lower incidence and severity of nausea (2.5% versus 27.5%), vomiting (5% versus 25%), and required fewer rescue medications (7.5% versus 62.5%) compared to the ondansetron group. Additionally, the aprepitant group showed a higher complete response rate (90% versus 67.5%) in the 0-2 and 12-24 postoperative hours. Conclusion According to the findings of this study, aprepitant has demonstrated a greater efficacy in preventing PONV following orthognathic surgery, when compared to ondansetron. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT code: IRCT20211205053279N3), date of registration: 16/12/2022.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02371-yAprepitantOndansetronOrthognathic surgeryPostoperative nausea and vomiting |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa Alam Alireza Shakeri Ardeshir Khorsand Karim Nasseri Sadaf Nasseri Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial BMC Anesthesiology Aprepitant Ondansetron Orthognathic surgery Postoperative nausea and vomiting |
| title | Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | assessing the impact of aprepitant and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in orthognathic surgeries a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Aprepitant Ondansetron Orthognathic surgery Postoperative nausea and vomiting |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02371-y |
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