Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats
Background Chromium histidinate (CrHis) and biotin are micronutrients commonly used to improve health by athletes and control glycaemia by patients with diabetes. This study investigates the effects of 8-week regular exercise training in rats together with dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation on...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2018-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0249-4 |
| _version_ | 1797685034750050304 |
|---|---|
| author | Mine Turgut Vedat Cinar Ragip Pala Mehmet Tuzcu Cemal Orhan Hafize Telceken Nurhan Sahin Patrick Brice Defo Deeh James R. Komorowski Kazim Sahin |
| author_facet | Mine Turgut Vedat Cinar Ragip Pala Mehmet Tuzcu Cemal Orhan Hafize Telceken Nurhan Sahin Patrick Brice Defo Deeh James R. Komorowski Kazim Sahin |
| author_sort | Mine Turgut |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Chromium histidinate (CrHis) and biotin are micronutrients commonly used to improve health by athletes and control glycaemia by patients with diabetes. This study investigates the effects of 8-week regular exercise training in rats together with dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation on glucose, lipids and transaminases levels, as well as protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB). Methods A total of 56 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups of 7 animals each and treated as follows: Control, CrHis, Biotin, CrHis+Biotin, Exercise, CrHis+Exercise, Biotin+Exercise, and CrHis+Biotin+Exercise. The doses of CrHis and biotin were 400 μg/kg and 6 mg/kg of diet, respectively. The training program consisted of running at 30 m/min for 30 min/day at 0% grade level, 5 days per week, once a day for 6 weeks. Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured with an automatic biochemical analyzer. Muscle and liver PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB expressions were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Regular exercise significantly (p < 0.001) decreased glucose, TC and TG levels, but increased HDL cholesterol. Dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in glucose (effect size = large; ƞ2 = 0.773) and TG (effect size = large; ƞ2 = 0.802) levels, and increase in HDL cholesterol compared with the exercise group. No significant change in AST and ALT (effect size = none) levels was recorded in all groups (p > 0.05). CrHis/biotin improves the proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB (effect size: large for all) in the liver and muscle of sedentary and regular exercise-trained rats (p < 0.001). Conclusions CrHis/biotin supplementation improved serum glucose and lipid levels as well as proteins expression levels of PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB in the liver and muscle of exercise-trained rats, with the highest efficiency when administered together. CrHis/biotin may represent an effective nutritional therapy to improve health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:38:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1b533c983bd4b3481b85f57e4d68717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1550-2783 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:38:32Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1b533c983bd4b3481b85f57e4d687172023-09-15T09:19:30ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition1550-27832018-09-0115110.1186/s12970-018-0249-412130062Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained ratsMine Turgut0Vedat Cinar1Ragip Pala2Mehmet Tuzcu3Cemal Orhan4Hafize Telceken5Nurhan Sahin6Patrick Brice Defo Deeh7James R. Komorowski8Kazim Sahin9Faculty of Sports SciencesFaculty of Sports SciencesFaculty of Sports SciencesDepartment of Biology, Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAnimal Physiology and Phytopharmacology LaboratoryScientific and Regulatory AffairsDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBackground Chromium histidinate (CrHis) and biotin are micronutrients commonly used to improve health by athletes and control glycaemia by patients with diabetes. This study investigates the effects of 8-week regular exercise training in rats together with dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation on glucose, lipids and transaminases levels, as well as protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB). Methods A total of 56 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups of 7 animals each and treated as follows: Control, CrHis, Biotin, CrHis+Biotin, Exercise, CrHis+Exercise, Biotin+Exercise, and CrHis+Biotin+Exercise. The doses of CrHis and biotin were 400 μg/kg and 6 mg/kg of diet, respectively. The training program consisted of running at 30 m/min for 30 min/day at 0% grade level, 5 days per week, once a day for 6 weeks. Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured with an automatic biochemical analyzer. Muscle and liver PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB expressions were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Regular exercise significantly (p < 0.001) decreased glucose, TC and TG levels, but increased HDL cholesterol. Dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in glucose (effect size = large; ƞ2 = 0.773) and TG (effect size = large; ƞ2 = 0.802) levels, and increase in HDL cholesterol compared with the exercise group. No significant change in AST and ALT (effect size = none) levels was recorded in all groups (p > 0.05). CrHis/biotin improves the proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB (effect size: large for all) in the liver and muscle of sedentary and regular exercise-trained rats (p < 0.001). Conclusions CrHis/biotin supplementation improved serum glucose and lipid levels as well as proteins expression levels of PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB in the liver and muscle of exercise-trained rats, with the highest efficiency when administered together. CrHis/biotin may represent an effective nutritional therapy to improve health.http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0249-4chromium histidinatebiotinppar-γirs-1nf-κb |
| spellingShingle | Mine Turgut Vedat Cinar Ragip Pala Mehmet Tuzcu Cemal Orhan Hafize Telceken Nurhan Sahin Patrick Brice Defo Deeh James R. Komorowski Kazim Sahin Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition chromium histidinate biotin ppar-γ irs-1 nf-κb |
| title | Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats |
| title_full | Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats |
| title_fullStr | Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats |
| title_short | Biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB in exercise-trained rats |
| title_sort | biotin and chromium histidinate improve glucose metabolism and proteins expression levels of irs 1 ppar γ and nf κb in exercise trained rats |
| topic | chromium histidinate biotin ppar-γ irs-1 nf-κb |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0249-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mineturgut biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT vedatcinar biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT ragippala biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT mehmettuzcu biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT cemalorhan biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT hafizetelceken biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT nurhansahin biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT patrickbricedefodeeh biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT jamesrkomorowski biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats AT kazimsahin biotinandchromiumhistidinateimproveglucosemetabolismandproteinsexpressionlevelsofirs1ppargandnfkbinexercisetrainedrats |