An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Organic wastes can be recycled in an ecologically sound way in fishponds by applying integrated agriculture and aquaculture systems (IAA). This kind of waste recycling can help to protect the environment from pollution and improve fishpond yields. Additionally, IAA provides an opportunity for divers...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Fishes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/30 |
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| author | Deogratias Pius Mulokozi Håkan Berg Torbjörn Lundh |
| author_facet | Deogratias Pius Mulokozi Håkan Berg Torbjörn Lundh |
| author_sort | Deogratias Pius Mulokozi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organic wastes can be recycled in an ecologically sound way in fishponds by applying integrated agriculture and aquaculture systems (IAA). This kind of waste recycling can help to protect the environment from pollution and improve fishpond yields. Additionally, IAA provides an opportunity for diversification of the output from two or more existing subsystems leading to higher overall farm economic returns. This study explored the potential application of amaranth wastes (AW) as a dietary ingredient for tilapia in a tilapia-amaranths integrated system (ITA). An experimental diet (AD) contained 10% (based on the control diet, CD) inclusion of AW collected from a nearby vegetable market. The experiments included triplicate treatments with; (i) fish fed on AD, where the pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth plants (IAA-fish), and (ii) fish fed on CD, where no pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth plants (non-IAA fish). 90 days after fish stocking, eighteen 4 m<sup>2</sup> amaranth plots were prepared and treated with (i) tap water without fertilization (control amaranths), (ii) water from IAA-fish pond and organically fertilized (IAA amaranths), and (iii) tap water and inorganically fertilized (non-IAA amaranths). The use of AW improved the fish feed conversion ratio. The overall net income from ITA was 3.2, 2.3, 2.6, and 1.8 higher than from non-IAA amaranths, IAA-amaranths, non-IAA fish, and IAA fish sub-systems respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:14:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1b5a938db7a4395ad4c792db1bb89b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:14:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1b5a938db7a4395ad4c792db1bb89b52023-11-20T14:10:46ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882020-09-015330010.3390/fishes5030030An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaDeogratias Pius Mulokozi0Håkan Berg1Torbjörn Lundh2Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7024, 750 07 Uppsala, SwedenOrganic wastes can be recycled in an ecologically sound way in fishponds by applying integrated agriculture and aquaculture systems (IAA). This kind of waste recycling can help to protect the environment from pollution and improve fishpond yields. Additionally, IAA provides an opportunity for diversification of the output from two or more existing subsystems leading to higher overall farm economic returns. This study explored the potential application of amaranth wastes (AW) as a dietary ingredient for tilapia in a tilapia-amaranths integrated system (ITA). An experimental diet (AD) contained 10% (based on the control diet, CD) inclusion of AW collected from a nearby vegetable market. The experiments included triplicate treatments with; (i) fish fed on AD, where the pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth plants (IAA-fish), and (ii) fish fed on CD, where no pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth plants (non-IAA fish). 90 days after fish stocking, eighteen 4 m<sup>2</sup> amaranth plots were prepared and treated with (i) tap water without fertilization (control amaranths), (ii) water from IAA-fish pond and organically fertilized (IAA amaranths), and (iii) tap water and inorganically fertilized (non-IAA amaranths). The use of AW improved the fish feed conversion ratio. The overall net income from ITA was 3.2, 2.3, 2.6, and 1.8 higher than from non-IAA amaranths, IAA-amaranths, non-IAA fish, and IAA fish sub-systems respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/30integrated fish and vegetable farmingfish feedwaste recyclingintegrated aquaculture (IAA)net farm income |
| spellingShingle | Deogratias Pius Mulokozi Håkan Berg Torbjörn Lundh An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Fishes integrated fish and vegetable farming fish feed waste recycling integrated aquaculture (IAA) net farm income |
| title | An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_full | An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_fullStr | An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_short | An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>) and Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Farming in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_sort | ecological and economical assessment of integrated amaranth i amaranthus hybridus i and nile tilapia i oreochromis niloticus i farming in dar es salaam tanzania |
| topic | integrated fish and vegetable farming fish feed waste recycling integrated aquaculture (IAA) net farm income |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/30 |
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