Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018
Objective: This study aims to provide descriptive epidemiology of human CCHF cases in Afghanistan by demographic, geographical, and seasonal characteristics. Methodology: This paper’s findings are based on the retrospective analysis of the National Surveillance System’s collected data from 2016 to 2...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197121930342X |
| _version_ | 1811263239631142912 |
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| author | Mohammad Nadir Sahak Fatima Arifi Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai |
| author_facet | Mohammad Nadir Sahak Fatima Arifi Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai |
| author_sort | Mohammad Nadir Sahak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This study aims to provide descriptive epidemiology of human CCHF cases in Afghanistan by demographic, geographical, and seasonal characteristics. Methodology: This paper’s findings are based on the retrospective analysis of the National Surveillance System’s collected data from 2016 to 2018. Weekly cases exceeding the 90th percentile of the expected number of cases were considered to be exceptional and above normal. Results: The National Surveillance System detected 1,284 CCHF cases from 2007 to 2018, of which 163 cases were in 2016, 245 cases in 2017 and 483 cases in 2018. A total of 891 suspected and confirmed cases were reported between 2016 and 2018, 293 (33%) of these cases were confirmed by detecting IgM antibody using ELISA and RT-PCR. Among confirmed cases, the three-year case fatality ratio (CFR) was 43.3%. Among the reported cases, 68.5% were males and 31.5% females. The frequent reported occupational groups were housewives (15%), health staff (13%), shepherds (11%), butchers (6%), students (6%), animal dealers and farmers (both 2%) respectively, 19% were unemployed, and occupation was not recorded for 26% of cases. Conclusion: Recently, CCHF has significantly increased in Afghanistan. Despite the increased frequency of cases, the laboratory capacity to test specimens and overall knowledge of CCHF management remains limited. Keywords: Descriptive epidemiology, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), Surveillance, Outbreak, Outbreak investigation, Zoonotic disease, Infectious disease |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:41:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1c1bd2cb8a74c7995171d86026acaa3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1201-9712 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:41:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1c1bd2cb8a74c7995171d86026acaa32022-12-22T03:19:04ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122019-11-0188135140Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018Mohammad Nadir Sahak0Fatima Arifi1Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai2World Health Organization Country Office, Kabul, Afghanistan; Corresponding author.Independent consultantMinistry of Public Health, Kabul, AfghanistanObjective: This study aims to provide descriptive epidemiology of human CCHF cases in Afghanistan by demographic, geographical, and seasonal characteristics. Methodology: This paper’s findings are based on the retrospective analysis of the National Surveillance System’s collected data from 2016 to 2018. Weekly cases exceeding the 90th percentile of the expected number of cases were considered to be exceptional and above normal. Results: The National Surveillance System detected 1,284 CCHF cases from 2007 to 2018, of which 163 cases were in 2016, 245 cases in 2017 and 483 cases in 2018. A total of 891 suspected and confirmed cases were reported between 2016 and 2018, 293 (33%) of these cases were confirmed by detecting IgM antibody using ELISA and RT-PCR. Among confirmed cases, the three-year case fatality ratio (CFR) was 43.3%. Among the reported cases, 68.5% were males and 31.5% females. The frequent reported occupational groups were housewives (15%), health staff (13%), shepherds (11%), butchers (6%), students (6%), animal dealers and farmers (both 2%) respectively, 19% were unemployed, and occupation was not recorded for 26% of cases. Conclusion: Recently, CCHF has significantly increased in Afghanistan. Despite the increased frequency of cases, the laboratory capacity to test specimens and overall knowledge of CCHF management remains limited. Keywords: Descriptive epidemiology, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), Surveillance, Outbreak, Outbreak investigation, Zoonotic disease, Infectious diseasehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197121930342X |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Nadir Sahak Fatima Arifi Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| title | Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 |
| title_full | Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 |
| title_short | Descriptive epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: Reported cases to National Surveillance System, 2016–2018 |
| title_sort | descriptive epidemiology of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever cchf in afghanistan reported cases to national surveillance system 2016 2018 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197121930342X |
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