Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases, causing million of deaths each year globally. Conventional anti-cancer therapies are non-targeted and have systemic toxicities limiting their versatile applications in many cancers. So, there is an unmet need for more specific therapeutic options that will be...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203073/full |
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| author | Devesh Aggarwal Jie Yang Md. Abdus Salam Sagnik Sengupta Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Saad Mustafa Mohammad Aasif Khan Xun Huang Jogendra Singh Pawar Jogendra Singh Pawar |
| author_facet | Devesh Aggarwal Jie Yang Md. Abdus Salam Sagnik Sengupta Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Saad Mustafa Mohammad Aasif Khan Xun Huang Jogendra Singh Pawar Jogendra Singh Pawar |
| author_sort | Devesh Aggarwal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases, causing million of deaths each year globally. Conventional anti-cancer therapies are non-targeted and have systemic toxicities limiting their versatile applications in many cancers. So, there is an unmet need for more specific therapeutic options that will be effective as well as free from toxicities. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are suitable alternatives with the right potential and improved therapeutic index for cancer therapy. The ADCs are highly precise new class of biopharmaceutical products that covalently linked a monoclonal antibody (mAb) (binds explicitly to a tumor-associated surface antigen) with a customized cytotoxic drug (kills cancer cells) and tied via a chemical linker (releases the drug). Due to its precise design, it brings about the target cell killing sparing the normal counterpart and free from the toxicities of conventional chemotherapy. It has never been so easy to develop potential ADCs for successful therapeutic usage. With relentless efforts, it took almost a century for scientists to advance the formula and design ADCs for its current clinical applications. Until now, several ADCs have passed successfully through preclinical and clinical trials and because of proven efficacy, a few are approved by the FDA to treat various cancer types. Even though ADCs posed some shortcomings like adverse effects and resistance at various stages of development, with continuous efforts most of these limitations are addressed and overcome to improve their efficacy. In this review, the basics of ADCs, physical and chemical properties, the evolution of design, limitations, and future potentials are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:08:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1c1d4fe18e948f7bfd490636d4ed75c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:08:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1c1d4fe18e948f7bfd490636d4ed75c2023-08-21T13:28:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-08-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12030731203073Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapyDevesh Aggarwal0Jie Yang1Md. Abdus Salam2Sagnik Sengupta3Md. Yusuf Al-Amin4Md. Yusuf Al-Amin5Saad Mustafa6Mohammad Aasif Khan7Xun Huang8Jogendra Singh Pawar9Jogendra Singh Pawar10Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesPurdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesDeen Dayal Upadhyaya (DDU) Kaushal Kendra, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, United StatesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong, ChinaDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United StatesCancer is one of the deadliest diseases, causing million of deaths each year globally. Conventional anti-cancer therapies are non-targeted and have systemic toxicities limiting their versatile applications in many cancers. So, there is an unmet need for more specific therapeutic options that will be effective as well as free from toxicities. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are suitable alternatives with the right potential and improved therapeutic index for cancer therapy. The ADCs are highly precise new class of biopharmaceutical products that covalently linked a monoclonal antibody (mAb) (binds explicitly to a tumor-associated surface antigen) with a customized cytotoxic drug (kills cancer cells) and tied via a chemical linker (releases the drug). Due to its precise design, it brings about the target cell killing sparing the normal counterpart and free from the toxicities of conventional chemotherapy. It has never been so easy to develop potential ADCs for successful therapeutic usage. With relentless efforts, it took almost a century for scientists to advance the formula and design ADCs for its current clinical applications. Until now, several ADCs have passed successfully through preclinical and clinical trials and because of proven efficacy, a few are approved by the FDA to treat various cancer types. Even though ADCs posed some shortcomings like adverse effects and resistance at various stages of development, with continuous efforts most of these limitations are addressed and overcome to improve their efficacy. In this review, the basics of ADCs, physical and chemical properties, the evolution of design, limitations, and future potentials are discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203073/fullAntibody-drug conjugate (ADC)targeted therapycancer chemotherapypayloadswarheads |
| spellingShingle | Devesh Aggarwal Jie Yang Md. Abdus Salam Sagnik Sengupta Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Saad Mustafa Mohammad Aasif Khan Xun Huang Jogendra Singh Pawar Jogendra Singh Pawar Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy Frontiers in Immunology Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeted therapy cancer chemotherapy payloads warheads |
| title | Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| title_full | Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| title_fullStr | Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| title_short | Antibody-drug conjugates: the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| title_sort | antibody drug conjugates the paradigm shifts in the targeted cancer therapy |
| topic | Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeted therapy cancer chemotherapy payloads warheads |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203073/full |
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