Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain, leading to a disruption in brain function. This is a significant health issue worldwide, with around 69 million people suffering from TBI each year. Immediately following the trauma, damage oc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=10;spage=2166;epage=2171;aulast= |
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| author | Sahithi Reddi Smita Thakker-Varia Janet Alder Anna O Giarratana |
| author_facet | Sahithi Reddi Smita Thakker-Varia Janet Alder Anna O Giarratana |
| author_sort | Sahithi Reddi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain, leading to a disruption in brain function. This is a significant health issue worldwide, with around 69 million people suffering from TBI each year. Immediately following the trauma, damage occurs in the acute phase of injury that leads to the primary outcomes of the TBI. In the hours-to-days that follow, secondary damage can also occur, leading to chronic outcomes. TBIs can range in severity from mild to severe, and can be complicated by the fact that some individuals sustain multiple TBIs, a risk factor for worse long-term outcomes. Although our knowledge about the pathophysiology of TBI has increased in recent years, unfortunately this has not been translated into effective clinical therapies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has yet to approve any drugs for the treatment of TBI; current clinical treatment guidelines merely offer supportive care. Outcomes between individuals greatly vary, which makes the treatment for TBI so challenging. A blow of similar force can have only mild, primary outcomes in one individual and yet cause severe, chronic outcomes in another. One of the reasons that have been proposed for this differential response to TBI is the underlying genetic differences across the population. Due to this, many researchers have begun to investigate the possibility of using precision medicine techniques to address TBI treatment. In this review, we will discuss the research detailing the identification of genetic risk factors for worse outcomes after TBI, and the work investigating personalized treatments for these higher-risk individuals. We highlight the need for further research into the identification of higher-risk individuals and the development of personalized therapies for TBI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:17:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1c6a53a25664d00b87eed459d269a2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1673-5374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:17:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1c6a53a25664d00b87eed459d269a2b2022-12-22T04:12:36ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742022-01-0117102166217110.4103/1673-5374.335824Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injurySahithi ReddiSmita Thakker-VariaJanet AlderAnna O GiarratanaTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain, leading to a disruption in brain function. This is a significant health issue worldwide, with around 69 million people suffering from TBI each year. Immediately following the trauma, damage occurs in the acute phase of injury that leads to the primary outcomes of the TBI. In the hours-to-days that follow, secondary damage can also occur, leading to chronic outcomes. TBIs can range in severity from mild to severe, and can be complicated by the fact that some individuals sustain multiple TBIs, a risk factor for worse long-term outcomes. Although our knowledge about the pathophysiology of TBI has increased in recent years, unfortunately this has not been translated into effective clinical therapies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has yet to approve any drugs for the treatment of TBI; current clinical treatment guidelines merely offer supportive care. Outcomes between individuals greatly vary, which makes the treatment for TBI so challenging. A blow of similar force can have only mild, primary outcomes in one individual and yet cause severe, chronic outcomes in another. One of the reasons that have been proposed for this differential response to TBI is the underlying genetic differences across the population. Due to this, many researchers have begun to investigate the possibility of using precision medicine techniques to address TBI treatment. In this review, we will discuss the research detailing the identification of genetic risk factors for worse outcomes after TBI, and the work investigating personalized treatments for these higher-risk individuals. We highlight the need for further research into the identification of higher-risk individuals and the development of personalized therapies for TBI.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=10;spage=2166;epage=2171;aulast=apolipoprotein e; biomarkers; brain injury; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; clinical trials; personalized treatments; precision medicine; tau; translational research; traumatic brain injury |
| spellingShingle | Sahithi Reddi Smita Thakker-Varia Janet Alder Anna O Giarratana Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury Neural Regeneration Research apolipoprotein e; biomarkers; brain injury; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; clinical trials; personalized treatments; precision medicine; tau; translational research; traumatic brain injury |
| title | Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| title_full | Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| title_fullStr | Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| title_short | Status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| title_sort | status of precision medicine approaches to traumatic brain injury |
| topic | apolipoprotein e; biomarkers; brain injury; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; clinical trials; personalized treatments; precision medicine; tau; translational research; traumatic brain injury |
| url | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=10;spage=2166;epage=2171;aulast= |
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