Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life
Background: The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is known to temporarily reduce impulsive choice and promote self-control. What is not sufficiently understood is how repeated treatment with MPH affects impulsive choice in the long run, and whether any such effect is contingent on exposure at ce...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00214/full |
| _version_ | 1818901133986365440 |
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| author | Zarish Abbas Arwen Sweet Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Andreas Arvanitogiannis |
| author_facet | Zarish Abbas Arwen Sweet Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Andreas Arvanitogiannis |
| author_sort | Zarish Abbas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is known to temporarily reduce impulsive choice and promote self-control. What is not sufficiently understood is how repeated treatment with MPH affects impulsive choice in the long run, and whether any such effect is contingent on exposure at certain developmental stages.Methods: Using an animal model for impulsive choice, we examined first whether giving MPH through early adolescence alters delay discounting, an operational measure of impulsive choice, later in adulthood. We then tested whether equivalent long-term effects are observed if exposure to the drug occurred during adulthood. Starting on postnatal day 25 or postnatal day 60, male rats received one of a range of doses of MPH for 10 consecutive days. Twenty-six days later, all rats were trained to choose between a lever that produced a small immediate reward and a lever that produced a large reward after a range of delays.Results: Rats showed a long-term decrease in the selection of the delayed larger reward when treated with moderate doses of MPH during early adolescence, but not when treated with the lower or higher doses. In contrast, no differences were observed in the selection of the delayed larger reward in animals that were treated with various doses of MPH during adulthood.Conclusions: Our findings suggest effects of MPH on impulsive choice that are contingent on dosage and on the developmental period of exposure. When administered during adolescence, moderate doses of MPH increase impulsive choice long after the end of treatment, whereas these same doses administered during adulthood were without effect |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T20:14:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1ca612890514cb2944cb0561f8d07fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5153 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T20:14:55Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1ca612890514cb2944cb0561f8d07fc2022-12-21T20:07:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience1662-51532017-10-011110.3389/fnbeh.2017.00214294375Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in LifeZarish Abbas0Arwen Sweet1Giovanni Hernandez2Giovanni Hernandez3Giovanni Hernandez4Andreas Arvanitogiannis5Department of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, CanadaGroupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, CanadaGroupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, CanadaDépartement de Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, CanadaBackground: The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is known to temporarily reduce impulsive choice and promote self-control. What is not sufficiently understood is how repeated treatment with MPH affects impulsive choice in the long run, and whether any such effect is contingent on exposure at certain developmental stages.Methods: Using an animal model for impulsive choice, we examined first whether giving MPH through early adolescence alters delay discounting, an operational measure of impulsive choice, later in adulthood. We then tested whether equivalent long-term effects are observed if exposure to the drug occurred during adulthood. Starting on postnatal day 25 or postnatal day 60, male rats received one of a range of doses of MPH for 10 consecutive days. Twenty-six days later, all rats were trained to choose between a lever that produced a small immediate reward and a lever that produced a large reward after a range of delays.Results: Rats showed a long-term decrease in the selection of the delayed larger reward when treated with moderate doses of MPH during early adolescence, but not when treated with the lower or higher doses. In contrast, no differences were observed in the selection of the delayed larger reward in animals that were treated with various doses of MPH during adulthood.Conclusions: Our findings suggest effects of MPH on impulsive choice that are contingent on dosage and on the developmental period of exposure. When administered during adolescence, moderate doses of MPH increase impulsive choice long after the end of treatment, whereas these same doses administered during adulthood were without effecthttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00214/fullritalindelay discountingimpulsivityadolescenceratslong-term effects |
| spellingShingle | Zarish Abbas Arwen Sweet Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Giovanni Hernandez Andreas Arvanitogiannis Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience ritalin delay discounting impulsivity adolescence rats long-term effects |
| title | Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life |
| title_full | Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life |
| title_fullStr | Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life |
| title_short | Adolescent Exposure to Methylphenidate Increases Impulsive Choice Later in Life |
| title_sort | adolescent exposure to methylphenidate increases impulsive choice later in life |
| topic | ritalin delay discounting impulsivity adolescence rats long-term effects |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00214/full |
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