Contamination of Soil, Water, Fresh Produce, and Bivalve Mollusks with <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Oocysts: A Systematic Review

Contamination of Soil, Water, Fresh Produce, and Bivalve Mollusks with <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Oocysts: A Systematic Review

<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a major foodborne pathogen capable of infecting all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Although oocyst-associated toxoplasmosis outbreaks have been documented, the relevance of the environmental transmission route remains poorly investigated. Thus, we car...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nadia María López Ureña, Umer Chaudhry, Rafael Calero Bernal, Santiago Cano Alsua, Davide Messina, Francisco Evangelista, Martha Betson, Marco Lalle, Pikka Jokelainen, Luis Miguel Ortega Mora, Gema Álvarez García
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-02-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>
oocysts
environment
soil
water
fresh produce
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/517

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