| Summary: | To understand mitogenome characteristics and reveal phylogenetic relationships of the genus <i>Ostrinia,</i> including several notorious pests of great importance for crops, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of four species: <i>Ostrinia furnacalis</i> (Guenée, 1854), <i>Ostrinia nubilalis</i> (Hübner, 1796), <i>Ostrinia scapulalis</i> (Walker, 1859) and <i>Ostrinia zealis</i> (Guenée, 1854). Results indicate that the four mitogenomes—<i>O. furnacalis</i>, <i>O. nubilalis</i>, <i>O. scapulalis,</i> and <i>O. zealis</i>—are 15,245, 15,248, 15,311, and 15,208 bp in size, respectively. All four mitogenomes are comprised of 37 encoded genes and a control region. All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with ATN and terminate with TAN, with the exception of <i>cox1</i> that starts with CGA, and <i>cox1</i>, <i>cox2</i>, and <i>nad5</i> that terminate with an incomplete codon T. All transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) present the typical clover-leaf secondary structure except for the <i>trnS1</i> (AGN) gene. There are some conserved structural elements in the control region. Our analyses indicate that <i>nad6</i> and <i>atp6</i> exhibit higher evolution rates compared to other PCGs. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenomes using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods revealed the relationship (<i>O. palustralis</i> + (<i>O. penitalis</i> + (<i>O. zealis</i> + (<i>O. furnacalis</i> + (<i>O. nubilalis</i> + <i>O. scapulalis</i>))))) within <i>Ostrinia</i>.
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