Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions
The interaction between rainfall erosivity parameters and splash erosion is crucial for describing the soil erosion process; however, it is rarely investigated under natural rainfall conditions. In this study, we conducted splash erosion experiments under natural rainfall on three sites in Central E...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4103 |
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| author | Nives Zambon Lisbeth Lolk Johannsen Peter Strauss Tomas Dostal David Zumr Martin Neumann Thomas A. Cochrane Andreas Klik |
| author_facet | Nives Zambon Lisbeth Lolk Johannsen Peter Strauss Tomas Dostal David Zumr Martin Neumann Thomas A. Cochrane Andreas Klik |
| author_sort | Nives Zambon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interaction between rainfall erosivity parameters and splash erosion is crucial for describing the soil erosion process; however, it is rarely investigated under natural rainfall conditions. In this study, we conducted splash erosion experiments under natural rainfall on three sites in Central Europe. The main goal was to obtain the relationship between splash erosion of the bare soil in seedbed condition and commonly used rainfall erosivity parameters (kinetic energy, intensity, and rainfall erosivity (<i>EI</i><sub>30</sub>)). All sites were equipped with a rain gauge and an optical laser disdrometer where the splash erosion was measured, with modified Morgan splash cups. In order to investigate which parameter best describes the splash erosion process for all sites, a regression analysis was performed. In total, 80 splash erosion events were evaluated. Splash erosion can be described as a linear function of total kinetic energy and a non-linear function of <i>EI</i><sub>30</sub><sub>.</sub> However, the use of the total kinetic energy led to underestimation of the splash erosion rates for highly intensive rainfalls. Therefore, better results were obtained when using average rainfall intensity as the splash erosion predictor or the kinetic energy divided by the rainfall duration. Minor differences between the replicates during splash erosion measurements indicate that the modified Morgan splash cup provides a good tool for soil erosion assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:10:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1e23df19b8c46db903dc8a15f75c361 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:10:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b1e23df19b8c46db903dc8a15f75c3612023-11-20T03:50:39ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-06-011012410310.3390/app10124103Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural ConditionsNives Zambon0Lisbeth Lolk Johannsen1Peter Strauss2Tomas Dostal3David Zumr4Martin Neumann5Thomas A. Cochrane6Andreas Klik7Institute for Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, AustriaInstitute for Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, AustriaInstitute for Land and Water Management Research, 3252 Petzenkirchen, AustriaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicFaculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicFaculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New ZealandInstitute for Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, AustriaThe interaction between rainfall erosivity parameters and splash erosion is crucial for describing the soil erosion process; however, it is rarely investigated under natural rainfall conditions. In this study, we conducted splash erosion experiments under natural rainfall on three sites in Central Europe. The main goal was to obtain the relationship between splash erosion of the bare soil in seedbed condition and commonly used rainfall erosivity parameters (kinetic energy, intensity, and rainfall erosivity (<i>EI</i><sub>30</sub>)). All sites were equipped with a rain gauge and an optical laser disdrometer where the splash erosion was measured, with modified Morgan splash cups. In order to investigate which parameter best describes the splash erosion process for all sites, a regression analysis was performed. In total, 80 splash erosion events were evaluated. Splash erosion can be described as a linear function of total kinetic energy and a non-linear function of <i>EI</i><sub>30</sub><sub>.</sub> However, the use of the total kinetic energy led to underestimation of the splash erosion rates for highly intensive rainfalls. Therefore, better results were obtained when using average rainfall intensity as the splash erosion predictor or the kinetic energy divided by the rainfall duration. Minor differences between the replicates during splash erosion measurements indicate that the modified Morgan splash cup provides a good tool for soil erosion assessment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4103splash erosionsplash cupkinetic energyrainfall intensityrainfall erosivity |
| spellingShingle | Nives Zambon Lisbeth Lolk Johannsen Peter Strauss Tomas Dostal David Zumr Martin Neumann Thomas A. Cochrane Andreas Klik Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions Applied Sciences splash erosion splash cup kinetic energy rainfall intensity rainfall erosivity |
| title | Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions |
| title_full | Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions |
| title_short | Rainfall Parameters Affecting Splash Erosion under Natural Conditions |
| title_sort | rainfall parameters affecting splash erosion under natural conditions |
| topic | splash erosion splash cup kinetic energy rainfall intensity rainfall erosivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4103 |
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