The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Instruments to measure mental health and well-being are largely developed and often used within Western populations and this compromises their validity in other cultures. A previous qualitative study in Singapore demonstrated the rel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-10-01
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| Series: | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.hqlo.com/content/9/1/92 |
| _version_ | 1818001640502853632 |
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| author | Vaingankar Janhavi Subramaniam Mythily Chong Siow Ann Abdin Edimansyah Orlando Edelen Maria Picco Louisa Lim Yee Wei Phua Mei Yen Chua Boon Yiang Tee Joseph YS Sherbourne Cathy |
| author_facet | Vaingankar Janhavi Subramaniam Mythily Chong Siow Ann Abdin Edimansyah Orlando Edelen Maria Picco Louisa Lim Yee Wei Phua Mei Yen Chua Boon Yiang Tee Joseph YS Sherbourne Cathy |
| author_sort | Vaingankar Janhavi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Instruments to measure mental health and well-being are largely developed and often used within Western populations and this compromises their validity in other cultures. A previous qualitative study in Singapore demonstrated the relevance of spiritual and religious practices to mental health, a dimension currently not included in exiting multi-dimensional measures. The objective of this study was to develop a self-administered measure that covers all key and culturally appropriate domains of mental health, which can be applied to compare levels of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups. We present the item reduction and validation of the Positive Mental Health (PMH) instrument in a community-based adult sample in Singapore.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Surveys were conducted among adult (21-65 years) residents belonging to Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicities. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA) were conducted and items were reduced using item response theory tests (IRT). The final version of the PMH instrument was tested for internal consistency and criterion validity. Items were tested for differential item functioning (DIF) to check if items functioned in the same way across all subgroups. <b>Results: </b>EFA and CFA identified six first-order factor structure (General coping, Personal growth and autonomy, Spirituality, Interpersonal skills, Emotional support, and Global affect) under one higher-order dimension of Positive Mental Health (RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.96). A 47-item self-administered multi-dimensional instrument with a six-point Likert response scale was constructed. The slope estimates and strength of the relation to the theta for all items in each six PMH subscales were high (range:1.39 to 5.69), suggesting good discrimination properties. The threshold estimates for the instrument ranged from -3.45 to 1.61 indicating that the instrument covers entire spectrums for the six dimensions. The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency and had significant and expected correlations with other well-being measures. Results confirmed absence of DIF.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The PMH instrument is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure and compare level of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups in Singapore.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:36:10Z |
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| issn | 1477-7525 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:36:10Z |
| publishDate | 2011-10-01 |
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| series | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1ec61bd3b7e4fcc8275840794cb00352022-12-22T02:14:45ZengBMCHealth and Quality of Life Outcomes1477-75252011-10-01919210.1186/1477-7525-9-92The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian populationVaingankar JanhaviSubramaniam MythilyChong Siow AnnAbdin EdimansyahOrlando Edelen MariaPicco LouisaLim Yee WeiPhua Mei YenChua Boon YiangTee Joseph YSSherbourne Cathy<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Instruments to measure mental health and well-being are largely developed and often used within Western populations and this compromises their validity in other cultures. A previous qualitative study in Singapore demonstrated the relevance of spiritual and religious practices to mental health, a dimension currently not included in exiting multi-dimensional measures. The objective of this study was to develop a self-administered measure that covers all key and culturally appropriate domains of mental health, which can be applied to compare levels of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups. We present the item reduction and validation of the Positive Mental Health (PMH) instrument in a community-based adult sample in Singapore.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Surveys were conducted among adult (21-65 years) residents belonging to Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicities. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA) were conducted and items were reduced using item response theory tests (IRT). The final version of the PMH instrument was tested for internal consistency and criterion validity. Items were tested for differential item functioning (DIF) to check if items functioned in the same way across all subgroups. <b>Results: </b>EFA and CFA identified six first-order factor structure (General coping, Personal growth and autonomy, Spirituality, Interpersonal skills, Emotional support, and Global affect) under one higher-order dimension of Positive Mental Health (RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.96). A 47-item self-administered multi-dimensional instrument with a six-point Likert response scale was constructed. The slope estimates and strength of the relation to the theta for all items in each six PMH subscales were high (range:1.39 to 5.69), suggesting good discrimination properties. The threshold estimates for the instrument ranged from -3.45 to 1.61 indicating that the instrument covers entire spectrums for the six dimensions. The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency and had significant and expected correlations with other well-being measures. Results confirmed absence of DIF.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The PMH instrument is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure and compare level of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups in Singapore.</p>http://www.hqlo.com/content/9/1/92Positive mental healthmulti-dimensionalinstrument developmentitem reductionfactor analysisitem response theory |
| spellingShingle | Vaingankar Janhavi Subramaniam Mythily Chong Siow Ann Abdin Edimansyah Orlando Edelen Maria Picco Louisa Lim Yee Wei Phua Mei Yen Chua Boon Yiang Tee Joseph YS Sherbourne Cathy The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Positive mental health multi-dimensional instrument development item reduction factor analysis item response theory |
| title | The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population |
| title_full | The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population |
| title_fullStr | The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population |
| title_full_unstemmed | The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population |
| title_short | The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population |
| title_sort | positive mental health instrument development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi ethnic asian population |
| topic | Positive mental health multi-dimensional instrument development item reduction factor analysis item response theory |
| url | http://www.hqlo.com/content/9/1/92 |
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